2nd SemesterExam Review

What is Dred Scott v. Sanford? How did it impact

slavery?

Slaves were property, not citizens, so they couldn’t use the

court system

Congress could not outlaw slavery because that would be

taking away someone’s property without Due Process… thus violating the 5th Amendment.

Who are the following things associated with?

• Supported secession

• Didn’t like politics but became president of the Confederacy.

• Was originally from Mississippi

• Became a US Senator

Jefferson Davis

What was Abraham Lincoln’s position on

secession and slavery?

He did not believe in secession – he felt that it

would ruin the country. He opposed slavery.

Who is Robert E. Lee as it relates to the Civil War?

He was the Supreme Military Commander of the

Confederate Army. He also surrendered to Grant at the Appomattox Court House.

Who is U.S. Grant as it relates to the Civil War?

Supreme Military Commander of the Union Army & accepted

surrender by Lee to end the war.

Who had the following advantages and which war was

it in?• A stronger Navy

• More manufacturing

• A much larger population

• A better economy

The Union during the Civil War

Who had the following advantages and which war was

it in?• Knew the land

• Trying to preserve their way of life

• Better military commanders

• Able to fight a defensive war

The Confederacy during the Civil War

What are the 5 main causes for the Civil War

1.Compromise of 1850

2.Fugitive Slave Act

3.Kansas-Nebraska Act

4.Dred Scott v. Sandford

5.Harpers Ferry

What were the major battles of the Civil War & why was

each important?

What is your mnemonic device?

Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always Give Veggies Away!

Fort Sumter – first shot fired of CW

Bull Run – first battle of CW

Shiloh – Union gained control of northern Mississippi

Antietam – Single bloodiest day of CW

Fat Boys Shouldn’t Always Give Veggies Away!

Gettysburg – turning point of war & where Gettysburg address was issued by Lincoln.

Vicksburg – Union gains control of entire Mississippi River & splits Conf. in 2

Appomattox Courthouse – Lee surrenders to Grant & CW is officially over.

What were effects of the Civil War on the nation, the people, and on the South?

Nation – Economic problems – like Panic of 1873, Contract System, sharecropping (debt)

People – Social problems – like what to do with 4 million freedmen (Freedmens Bureau) & how to deal with the KKK and Black Codes.

South – Trying to maintain way of life (cash crops) but would become more industrial over time.

FREE MEN VOTE!

13th Amendment – Freed all slaves

14th Amendment – Granted citizenship to former slaves

15th Amendment – Gave voting rights to African American males.

What was the main goal of the Seneca Falls Convention?

To promote equal rights for women

Which document influenced Elizabeth Cady

Stanton?

The Declaration of Independence

Who were the 4 reformers and what did each do?

1.Sojourner Truth – Abolitionist who was born a slave and wrote the poem, “Ain’t I a Woman”

2.Harriet Beecher Stowe – Abolitionist who wrote, Uncle Tom’s Cabin to expose the cruelties of slavery in the South.

3. Frederick Douglas – Abolitionist who was the Editor of the newspaper North Star. He was an escaped slave who also wrote his own autobiography.

4. William Lloyd Garrison – Abolitionist who wrote The Liberator

What were the reasons for Manifest Destiny?

Economic Opportunity

Competition from Europe to gain land in North America

New Markets for goods

Natural Resources

How was Manifest Destiny accomplished?

Americans moving west:“Go west young man, go west!”

The Missouri Compromise

The Mexican Cession

Through better transportation (railroads)

The Annexation of Texas

The Louisiana Purchase

The Gadsden Purchase

What was the Mexican Cession?

It was part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo which

ended the war with Mexico. It recognized Texas as being

part of the US & the US bought for $15 million 2 million square miles of

territory.

Who was the president at the time of the Mexican Cession?

James K. Polk

What did the Indian Removal Act do?

Gave President Jackson the power to negotiate treaties for resettlement with Native

Americans. Led to the Trail of Tears.

Who is associated with the following?

• Rise of the common man• “To the Victor belongs the spoils”• Vetoing the charter for the 2nd National

Bank• Removing the Native Americans to

Oklahoma• Was President during the Nullification

Crisis.

Andrew Jackson

What was the patronage system?

“To the Victor Belongs the Spoils!”

When presidents give people that have supported them key

positions in their new administration.

Why was Andrew Jackson’s election in 1828 important to the development of politics?

It was more democratic because more white males

could vote than ever before.

What were the effects of the Missouri Compromise?

Slavery was allowed in certain places of the Louisiana Purchase

land

Slave States and Free States remained equal in Congress.

Helped fuel tensions leading to the Civil War

What was the effect of the Cotton Gin on the South?

It greatly increased slavery by making cotton farming more

profitable.

Which industry saw the biggest change from the invention of the steam

engine?

The transportation industry when trains started using

steam as power.

The Louisiana Purchase was important because it….

We purchased the land from France for $15 million.

It doubled the size of the US&

Allowed the US immediate access and control of the Port

of New Orleans.

What was the Supreme Court’s ruling in Marbury v.

Madison?

The Supreme Court could declare a law

unconstitutional, it gave them the power of Judicial Review!

What is judicial review?

It allowed the US Supreme Court to determine if a law passed by Congress was

unconstitutional.

What was the route taken by Lewis and Clark?

M-M-W

They went through Missouri, Montana and

Washington

What were 2 accomplishments of Thomas Jefferson’s

Presidency?

The Louisiana Purchase&

Sent Lewis & Clark on their expedition

What were the major battles of the American Revolution &

why was each battle important?

Tip: mnemonic device?

Lets Buy Some Yogurt

Lexington/Concord – “Shot heard round the world” – 1st shot of the AR

Bunker Hill – Moral victory for America

Saratoga – Turning point in war – France becomes an ally.

Yorktown – Britain surrenders to America.

What compromise allowed the Federalists and the Anti-

Federalists finally agree to ratify the Constitution?

The addition of a Bill of Rights

Before the Civil War… what was the economy of the

South Based on?

Plantation agriculture (cotton) using slave labor

Why was the invention of interchangeable parts so

important?

It allowed things to be made much quicker and with less skill than if they were made one piece at a time by hand.