www.arabacademy.com 

commons.wikimedia.org

archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

www.shunya.net 

www.pantheon-institute.com -

HISTORY OF

ARCHITECTURE

Exercise• IMPORTANCE OF SKETCHING

• NEED TO KEEP A SKETCH BOOK IN EVERY CLASS

• SKETCH IN 5 MINUTES ANY BUILDING WHICH YOU CAME ACROSS IN YOUR LIFE OR YOU ARE

MOST ATTACHED WITH OR YOU LIKE THE MOST.

WHY HISTORY?

• At some point or the other we as human beings are influenced by the particular built creating a

long lasting memory with us.

• It is not the built, but our relationship with the built which is forming that memory.

• Architecture devoid of these ‘Baggage of memories’ is not real architecture.

• Every architectural masterpieces have succeeded in creating that long lasting impression on

mankind and hence it is important to know them in depth.

• Only by knowing what the history has offered us, we will be able to understand them and create

new histories.

• Architecture is to re-discover, re-create, re-interpret, re-invent or even violate the ‘known’.

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Objectives

The objective courses in History of Architecture offered in B. Arch curriculum is to develop the student

appreciation and awareness of the historic significance and richness of tradition and design theories and

construction in world civilizations to be learnt with time line framework. Hence the subject is offered four courses

beginning from the prehistoric times and ending in contemporary times.

 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Syllabus

Module-1(16Hrs)

Early Cultures

Architecture as part of culture-understanding the early cultures

Paleolithic age, Ice Age, Neolithic Period-Apollo II Cave-Africa, Wadi Kubbaniyain-Egypt, Pachmari

Hills-India, Monte Verde -South America, Clovis Culture-North America, Jomon culture-Japan,

Eynan and Ain Mallaha- Africa

 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Ice age

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Africa caves

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Wadi Kubbaniyain- Egypt

Module-11(24 Hrs)

3500 BC-1500BC

Yangshao Culture-China, Indus Valley–India, Predynastic period –Egypt, Uruk Period, Mesopotamia, Bronze Age

China Civilization, European Megalithic tombs, Mohenjo- Daro-Harappa, Stone circles, ziggurats, Pyramids,

Stone Henge,

 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Indus Valley Civilization

The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze and proto-writing, and other features of urban civilization.The Bronze Age is the second principal period of the three-age Stone-Bronze-Iron system, as proposed in modern times byChristian Jürgensen Thomsen, for classifying and studying ancient societies. An ancient civilization can be in the Bronze Age 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Indus Valley Civilization

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

1500BC-0

Egypt –later period, Iron age, Minoan culture Machalilla Culture, Olmec Cultures-cent. America, Holicity of

Varanasi-India, Neo-Assyrian Empire-Babylon, Greece-Geometric Period, Archaic Period, Classical Period,

Hellenistic Period, Buddha Period-India, Mauryan Empire-India, Eastern Zhou dynasty-China, Preclassic maya

Culture-Guatemala.

Sun Temple at Amarna, Hattusas. Poverty Point, Temple of Solomon, Greek Architecture and language,

Temple of Apollo, Greek Orders, Asoka Pillar, Tomb of Zeng Hou Yi, Kaminaljuyu

 

 

 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

The Iron Age is the period generally occurring after the Bronze Age, marked by the prevalent use of iron. The early period of the age is characterized by the widespread use of iron or steel. The adoption of such material coincided with other changes in society, including differing agricultural practices, religious beliefs and artistic styles. The Iron Age as an archaeological term indicates the condition as to civilization and culture of a people using iron as the material for their cutting tools and weapons.

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

The Archaic period in Greece (800 BC – 480 BC) was a period of ancient Greek history that followed the Greek Dark Ages. This period saw the rise of the polis (city-states) and the founding of colonies, as well as the first inklings of classical philosophy

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Classical antiquity (also the classical era, classical period or classical age) is a broad term for a long period of culturalhistory centered on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilisations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, collectively known as the Greco-Roman world. It is the period in which Greek and Roman society flourished and wielded great influence throughout Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

The Hellenistic period or Hellenistic civilization is the period of ancient Greek history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of ancient Rome 

Module-111(24 Hrs)

0-400 AD

Roman Empire, Maurian Empire, Kushan Empire, Zhou Dynasty-Quin Dynasty-China, Teuchitlan

tradition, Pre-classic Maya Culture.

Colosseum , Roman Urban VILLA, Forum of Augustus, Sanchi Complex, Chaithya hall, Great

wall of Chaina.

 

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

400AD - 800 AD

Roman Empire, Satvahana and Ikshvaku Dynasties, Kushan Empire, Han Dynasty, Teotihuacan Culture-America, Gupta Period,

Byzantine Empire, Sixteen kingdom Period, Kofun Culture-Japan, Hindu Renaissance, Emergence of Christianity, Post-

Constantinian Age.

Pantheon, Roman Bath, St.Peters Rome , Han Tombs, Gupta Period Temples, Ajanta Caves, Mahabodhi Temples.

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Way to understand history (A short guide)

• A brief about the building (Name/Place etc)

• Time period and the dynasty or the ruler or occupant

• About the Designer/Architect/Sculptor

• Social setting of the construction of the building

• Concept or the idea behind the structure

• Main activity for which the building was intended

• Rough Plan of the building (with activity in each room)

• Iconic features or elements of the building

• Sketches of the major views and features

• Photographic data collection

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Way to understand history (A short guide)

• A brief about the building (Name/Place etc)

• Time period and the dynasty or the ruler or occupant

• About the Designer/Architect/Sculptor

• Social setting of the construction of the building

• Concept or the idea behind the structure

• Main activity for which the building was intended

• Rough Plan of the building (with activity in each room)

• Materials and techniques used for construction

• Iconic features or elements of the building

• Sketches of the major views and features

• Photographic data collection

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

Great wall of China- across the historical northern borders of China 7th century BC- 220–206 BCEmperor of China, Qin Shi HuangSocial Setting- Dynasty rule prevalent, Stable economic backgroundConcept/Intent-Protect the Chinese Empire or its prototypical states against intrusions by various nomadic groups or military incursions by various warlike peoples or forces Function- border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of immigration and emigrationPlan

Materialsstone, brick, tamped earth, wood

Iconic featureLength and width

Exercise• Submit a small report on the topic, with at least one sketch ( however bad it is!!)

• Report on any building of your choice (Study and document history as prescribed)

• PowerPoint or printed (for the time being)

• Need to learn PowerPoint presentations

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine

References

1. Sir Banister Flecture “A History of Architecture”

2. Francis D.K Ching et all “A global History of architecture”

3. Percy Brown “Indian Architecture( Buddhist and hindu Periods)”

4. Satish Grover “Buddhist and Hindu architecture in India”

5. Michael Raeburn, ‘Architecture of the Western World’

6. History of World Architecture (Series), Vols. Titled “Ancient Architecture, Primitive Architecture,

Greek Architecture, Roman Architecture and Byzantine Architecture”

7. DiscoveryChannel/BBC series on ‘History of architecture’

History of Architecture(Year 1) By Anjith Augustine