1.did your group follow the directions, step- by-step? if not, why? 2.why did your group claim the...
TRANSCRIPT
1. Did your group follow the directions, step-by-step? If not, why?
2. Why did your group claim the items you did?
3. How did your group feel when other groups started claiming items?
The Scramble for
What is Africa Like?
• Hundreds of Ethnic Groups• Over 1000 Languages Spoken• Tribal Villages• Mysterious Environment• Established Trade Networks
Early Europeans in Africa
• Missionaries and Explorers are the first to arrive
• Difficulty Exploring the “Interior”• Fear of Mosquitoes and Malaria• Prior to 1880 only 10% of Africa in
European Control
Map of Africa before 1850
Why the Scramble?
•Need for More Resources•Demand for New Markets
•The Search for Raw Materials
Imperialism:
•Seizure of a Territory or Country by a Stronger
Country
Factors that Drive Imperialism
• Nationalism: Empire building equals power and increases national pride
• Social Darwinism: “survival of the fittest”
• Europeans believe it is their duty to pass on their progress
• Goal: Civilize and Westernize
Technology Fuels Imperialism
•Technology: Maxim Gun: First Automatic Gun
•Steam Engine: Allows for Navigation of the Interior
•Quick Communication•Vaccinations•African Disunity
“Dr. Livingstone, I Presume?”• David Livingstone travels Africa to
promote Christianity and disappears
• U.S. sends Reporter Henry Stanley to “rescue” Livingstone
• The two meet on the shores of Lake Tanganyika
Stanley’s Legacy
• King Leopold of Belgium challenges Stanley to get land
• Signs Treaties with local Chiefs to gain control of Tribal land
• Leopold pays companies to exploit Africans for profit in the rubber industry
The Berlin Conference
• Called to prevent wars between European countries for control of African Land
• The Result: Land claims must be made by notifying other countries and showing control
• Does not address original boundaries or African representatives
Acts of Resistance: The Zulu and Boer Wars• 1816 – Zulu Chief Shaka creates a
centralized African state• Future leaders lose control of the
state• 1879 – Face possibility of British rule• Using only spears and shields, the
Zulus withstand the British until 1887 when they face defeat at Ulundi
The Boer War
Africa in 1880