1660- 1700 battleground of north america. problems between france and england both sea faring...
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1660- 1700
Battleground of North America
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Problems between France and England
Both sea faring nations Both want the same resources –
fish and fur Both had colonies in N.A. Natives also drawn into the
battle Often wars would start in
Europe and spread to N.A.
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1. French Drive Inland
• 1670’s – Frontenac’s and Talon’s goal was to gain more fur territory for New France
• Established forts along the Great Lakes, Mississippi and Ohio River Valley
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• This expansionist model was a direct threat to the English living in the Thirteen Colonies
• This was to counter the English in the Hudson Bay area as well
• map of early forts
• http://www.archives.gov.on.ca/english/exhibits/franco_ontarian/big/animation.htm
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Outbreak of War in Europe
• King Williams War 1689 – 1697 (Europe – League of Augsburg)
• Iroquois attack Lachine in 1689
• Frontenac returns to New France – attacks Maine and New Hampshire
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D’Iberville
• Sails down to New Orleans and establishes Ft Biloxi
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• Takes forts in Newfoundland
Takes English Forts in Newfoundland
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D’Iberville
• December 1697 in the Hudson Bay
• Ship the Pelican takes out two other British ships
• Takes York Factory
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William Phips
• British officer from the Thirteen Colonies
• Attacks Quebec but Frontenac holds out
• His famous reply “ through the mouths of my cannons and muskets”
• Troupes de la Marine save New France
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1697 – Treaty of Ryswick
• France gains large areas in North America – Hudson Bay, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland
• Settled the League of Augsburg in Europe
• (Frontenac dies 1698)
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Treaty of Utrecht 1713
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• By the Treaty of Utrecht, France cedes Acadia to Great Britain, retaining Île Royale (Cape Breton Island) and Île Saint-Jean (Prince Edward Island).
• Britain calls the territory acquired 'Nova Scotia', however, due to difficulties in interpreting the actual size of Acadia, possession of present day New Brunswick is disputed. Also by the treaty,
• France recognizes British rights to Rupert's Land, with some dispute as to the exact extent of the area. France also relinquishes interest in Newfoundland, except fishing rights, to Great Britain.