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NETWORKING BASICS

Chapter 1

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LANS, WANS, AND MANS

Three main networking technologies are used to connect computers and networks together: Local area network (LAN)

Wide area network (WAN)

Metropolitan area network (MAN)

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LAN

Used to network computers located in a limited geographical area such as a room, floor, or building

Has three main attributes Topology: bus, star, and ring

Medium: copper, fiber, and wireless

Protocols

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EXAMPLE OF A LAN

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WAN

Spans a large geographic area

Defined as an internetwork (private or public) that connects many LANs

Uses routers and usually point-to-point links

Examples of WANs The Internet

Private global enterprise networks

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EXAMPLE OF A WAN

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PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES

Facilitate communication between two networked devices

Perform data encapsulation

Provide a common language to communicating devices

Provide either connectionless or connection-oriented services

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CONNECTIONLESS VS. CONNECTION-ORIENTED

Connectionless protocols Do not require a connection

Have very little overhead

Are fast and unreliable

Connection-oriented protocols Require a connection

Require more overhead

Are slower and very reliable

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PHYSICAL LAYER TRANSMISSION

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NETWORK LAYER ADDRESSING

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ROUTING

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SUMMARY

LANs, WANs, and MANs allow groups of computers to share information.

Signaling protocols are used to transmit data as 1s and 0s.

Protocols provide a common language for communication hosts.