10 class notes

Scholars Academy, Qaswa HomesNotes – 10th Class

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Questions With Answers1. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) as an Educationist

i. What was the first revelation received in the cave of Hira by the Holy Prophet (SAW)?

Ans: The first revelation received in the cave of Hira by the Holy Prophet (SAW) was “Read in

the name of thy Lord, Who created man from a clot of blood. Read! Thy Lord is most

bounteous Who taught by the pen.

ii. What steps were taught for “education” to the Holy Prophet (SAW)?

Ans: The first step was reading and the second was writing.

iii. Which is the best book to read and write?

Ans: The Holy Quran is the best book to read and write.

iv. What kind of condition was imposed on the prisoners of the battle of Badr?

Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) imposed a condition on the prisoners of the battle of Badr

to teach the Muslims.

v. Who is custodian of truth mentioned in the lesson?

Ans: The Holy Prophet (SAW) is mentioned the custodian of truth.

vi. What question did the Holy Prophet (SAW) ask before concluding the address to the

Ansar?

Ans: The question was “O Ansar, didn’t I find you away from the right path and then Allah

blessed you through me?”

vii. What kind of gestures made his speech effective in his address of Hajjat-ul-Wida?

Ans: He closed his fist and then opened it to show how Allah held heaven and earth in His grip.

He explained the concept of closeness by lifting his middle finger and showed its

closeness to the index finger.

2. Festivals of Pakistan i. How would you describe the word “festival”?

Ans: Festival is a day of religious and public celebration.

ii. What is the purpose of celebrating a festival?

Ans: The purpose of celebrating a festival is to create a sense of brotherhood, selflessness,

peace and sacrifice among the people.

iii. When does Shab-e-barat take place? What is the importance of this blessed night to the

Muslims?

Muhammad Yasin GiLL, M.A. English, B.Ed #(0322) (0313) 6278595, 03217805595, 03027001680


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Ans: Shab-e-barat takes place on 14th Shabaan. It is the night of blessings. Devotional prayers

are performed throughout the night to seek the blessings of Allah.

iv. Name the religious festivals of the Muslims?

Ans: Shab-e-barat, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Azha, Hajj, Eid Milad-un-Nabi are the religious festivals of

the Muslims.

v. When and how are the national events celebrated in Pakistan?

Ans: The Pakistan Resolution Day is celebrated on 23rd March and the Independence Day is

celebrated on 14th August every year. These days are celebrated with great zeal and zest.

vi. What is importance of a Lok Mela?

Ans: Lok Melas develop a sense of brotherhood among the people.

vii. What important religious event takes place on the 12th Rabi-ul-awwal?

Ans: The Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (SAW) was born on the 12th Rabi-ul-awwal.

viii. What is the importance of the 14th August in the history Pakistan?

Ans: Pakistan came into being on the 14th August, 1947.

ix. What kind of opportunities do these festivals provide to the artisans?

Ans: These festivals provide opportunities to the artisans to display their handicrafts.

3. The Difference between a Brain and a Computer

i. In what single word can the difference between a brain and a computer be expressed?

Ans: The difference between a brain and a computer can be expressed in a single word,

“Complexity”.

ii. How much does the human brain weigh?

Ans: The human brain weighs only three pounds.

iii. How long will it take to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain?

Ans: It will take fairly long to build a computer complex enough to duplicate the human brain.

iv. Can computers think? Explain your answer.

Ans: The computers cannot think. They can do only what they have been directed to do.

v. Do you think computers have the capacity to take over the world? Why or why not?

Ans: In the remote future, the computers will have the capacity to take over the world when

they replace human brain or perhaps surpass it.

4. The Blessings of God

i. What are the objects of nature which remind us of the glory and greatness of God?



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Ans: The objects of nature which remind us of the glory and greatness of God are: beautiful

flowers, singing birds, mountains with red peaks, flowing rivers, the sunrise, the sunset,

gardens full of ripe fruit and beautiful meadows.

5. Hazrat Aysha (R.A.) ii. Who was Hazrat Aysha’s (R.A.) father?

Ans: Hazrat Abubakar Siddique was Hazrat Aysha’s (R.A.) father.

iii. Where was she (R.A.) born?

Ans: She was born in Makkah.

6. Transport

i. Why do the people move around in the country?

Ans: The people move around in the country to visit their relatives, friends and place of work.

ii. What is the importance of transport in the country?

Ans: Transport carries the people and freight from one place to another with ease and speed.

iii. What is auto-traffic?

Ans: Cars, vans, rickshaws etc. are called auto-traffic.

7.8. Human Rights and the Madina Charter

i. How should enemies be treated according to the Holy Quran?

Ans: According to the Holy Quran, enemies should be treated with kindness and equality.

ii. Mention any two clauses of the Treaty of Madina.

Ans: The two clauses of the Treaty are:

i) The Muslims and the Jews will keep to their faiths.

ii) The Muslims and the Jews shall form one community.

iii. What is meant by ‘mutual cooperation’?

Ans: Mutual cooperation means to help others in the hour of need.

9. A Nation’s Strength i. Give in your own words the main idea of the poem.

Ans: The poet says that riches do not make a nation strong and great. It is the brave and

hardworking men who win glory and greatness for the nation.

10. A Father’s Advice i. Give the qualities of Allah as stated by the writer of the letter.

Ans: Allah is Kind, Merciful, Sustainer, Protector and Master of life and death.

ii. “Do unto others as you wish others to do unto you”. What should one do and what should

one not do according to the advice given in the letter?



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Ans: According to the advice in the letter, a person should like for other what he likes for

himself. He should not develop such habits as he dislikes in others.

iii. What is required by a person who wishes to lead “a well balanced life”?

Ans: In order to lead a well-balanced life a person should not be conceited. He should earn an

honest living. He should control his desires.

iv. What does a man lose when he tries to attain his heart’s desire?

Ans: When a man tries to attain his heart’s desire, he loses self-respect.

v. What is the respectable way of earning a livelihood?

Ans: The respectable way of earning a livelihood is to earn through honest and fair means.

vi. What kind of advice has been given by the father to the son?

Ans: The father has given his son the advice to lead a well-balanced and contented life.

11. Hazrat Ali’s Humanity i. Write a paragraph on Hazrat Ali (R.A.) with special reference to the great qualities he

possessed.

Ans: Hazrat Ali was noble, kind hearted and righteous. He was brave, humble and God-

fearing. He treated even his enemies with kindness.

ii. What kind of life did Hazrat Ali (R.A.) and Hazrat Bibi Fatima (R.A.) lead?

Ans: They led a contented life.

iii. Write a few lines to describe Hazrat Ali’s (R.A.) early childhood? Who took care of him?

Ans: In his childhood, he followed the noble actions of the Holy Prophet. He was brave, humble

and God-fearing. He treated even his enemies with kindness. The Holy Prophet took care

of him in his childhood.

iv. How did Hazrat Ali (R.A.) behave with his enemies?

Ans: Hazrat Ali behaved with his enemies with kindness. He treated them first as human

beings and then as enemies.

12. The Handicrafts of Pakistan

i. What do crafts exhibit about their region?

Ans: The crafts show the taste and colour of their regions.

ii. What does Faisalabad specialize?

Ans: Faisalabad specializes in cotton and hand woven fabrics.

iii. Name a few of the crafts in various cities of the province of Punjab?



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Ans: Faisalabad is famous for cotton fabrics, Lahore for brass items, Gujranwala for pottery,

Sialkot for cutlery and sports, Gujarat for pottery and electrical goods.

iv. Which handicrafts are produced in Baluchistan?

Ans: Carpets, jackets and garments with glass work are produced in Baluchistan.

v. What do the crafts of a country represent?

Ans: The crafts of a country represent the culture and tradition of the people.

vi. Write an account of any of the Pakistani crafts that you might have seen in an industrial

exhibition (not more than 50 words).

Ans:

13. The Menace of Drugs i. Name three drugs or narcotics which are generally used.

Ans: They are opium, heroin and hashish.

ii. Write a paragraph on the “effects of using drugs”.

Ans: Drugs are very harmful for human brain and health. They make a man unable to think

clearly. It is a great danger to the whole society. A drug addict spoils all his abilities and

energies.

iii. What advice does the writer give at the end of the lesson?

Ans: At the end of the lesson, the writer advises us to stop the advertisements of cigarette on

electronic media and in the newspapers.

14. The Character of a Happy Life i. What is the main idea of the poem?

Ans: This poem is about features of life of a happy man.

15. Simplicity

i. How did the Khalifah teach the distinguished guests to live a life of simplicity?

Ans: The Khalifa served his guests parched grams which they ate to their fill because they

were very hungry. Thus the Khalifah taught them how they could make their life simple by

eating simple things.

ii. Write down the chief characteristics of the personality of Hazrat Umer bin Abdul Aziz

(R.A.).

Ans: Hazrat Umer bin Abdul Aziz (R.A.) was a pious ruler. He always worked for the prosperity

and happiness of the people.

16. Traffic Education i. How was the taxi driver driving in Rawalpindi?

Ans: The taxi driver was driving rashly.



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ii. After entering Islamabad, the driver became a changed person. How?

Ans: After entering Islamabad, the driver became a changed person because of the

observance of the traffic rules by others and their enforcement by Motor Way police.

iii. How can the police give us traffic education?

Ans: The police can give us traffic education by enforcing the traffic rules and punishing the

offenders.

iv. What is a zebra crossing and what is it for?

Ans: Zebra crossing is a place for the pedestrians to cross the road.

v. Mention any two traffic rules.

1- If the red light is on, all traffic should stop.

2- The pedestrians should use zebra crossing to cross the road.

17. A Fragment

i. What does the poet advise the late riser?

Ans: The poet advises the late riser to get up at once.

ii. What is the benefit of early riser?

Ans: An early riser is always fresh and active.

iii. What is meant by fallow land?

Ans: A barren land left due to the negligence of the farmer.

iv. What is the theme of the poem?

Ans: The poem deals with the disadvantages of late rising and benefits of early rising.

18. A Little Word

i. Find the rhyming words in the poem.

Ans:

Spoken Broken Tear Sincere Earth BirthFlower Hour Thing Bring

ii. What effect does a kind word have upon others?

Ans: A kind word wins love and sympathy of others.

iii. How can harsh words break a person’s heart?

Ans: Harsh words spoil love. Such words turn the people against you.

19. Two Wedding Ceremonies

i. Where was Farah born and bred?

Ans: Farah was born and bred abroad.



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ii. Who took the responsibility of her religious education?

Ans: His father took the responsibility of her religious education.

iii. Why was she surprised and displeased with the ceremony?

Ans: She was surprised and displeased with the ceremony because it was a foul display of

wealth and against the teachings of Islam.

iv. Compare and contrast the two wedding ceremonies described.

Ans: The present marriage ceremony was a mere show of wealth. But the marriage of Hazrat

Fatima with Hazrat Ali was very simple and sacred.

20. My Mother

i. What are the poetess’ feelings about how her mother treated her when she was a small

child?

Ans: The poetess has great love for her mother. She says that she will look after her mother in

her old age. She will try to lessen her pains.

ii. What does she remember about her mother’s care when she fell?

Ans: When the poetess fell, her mother ran to her and lifted her. She kissed her forehead and

told her a nice story to comfort her.

iii. How is the poetess planning to treat her mother in her old age?

Ans: The poetess is planning to look after her mother when she will be weak and old.

iv. Express your feelings about your mother or father in a short essay of 200 words.

Ans:

21. The Great Leader

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah

i. What is the meaning of the Quaid’s motto?

Ans: The Quaid’s motto “Unity, Faith, Discipline” means:

1- We must be united.

2- We must have faith in God and in our people.

3- We must be disciplined.

ii. What did the Quaid say in an interview to Beverley Nicholas?

Ans: In an interview to Beverley Nicholas, the Quaid said, “Islam is not only a religious doctrine

but a realistic code of conduct in life.

iii. What did he say while addressing a Muslim League Convention?

Ans: Addressing a Muslim League Convention, he said, “We are not fighting for theocracy. In

addition to religion, we want better social and economic life.

iv. How can we make Pakistan great?



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Ans: We can make Pakistan great only if we work hard and forget provincial differences.

v. What is the role of the students in the progress of our country?

Ans: The role of the students in the progress of our country is very important. The progress of

the country depends upon their hard work, discipline and character with a solid

background.

vi. What advice did the Quaid give to the Muslim Students Federation?

Ans: The advised the students of Muslim Students Federation to change their approach to

political and economic problems because they were free then.

vii. Give a sketch of Quaid-e-Azam’s character.

Ans: The Quaid-e-Azam was a great leader. He was intelligent, bold, sincere, honest and

above all hardworking. He was resolute and completed his job even though he was weak

and old.

The End

Summaries of the Poems – 10 th Class

1- Blessings of God

This beautiful poem has been written in the praise of God. The poet

describes the beautiful objects of nature. He says that God is the creator of this

world. He has created all beautiful things. He has created all great and small

creatures. He has made little flowers with shining colours, mountains with red

peaks, and flowing rivers. The sunset and the sunrise spread beautiful colours in

the sky. The cold wind in winter and the pleasant sun in summer have been

made by God. The fruit in the gardens has been ripened for us by Him. The tall

trees, green meadows and grassy plants are the blessings of God. Above all,

God has given us eyes to see all things. He has given us lips to praise God and

be thankful to Him for His blessings.

2- A Nation’s Strength



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In this poem the poet talks of the great men of a nation. He says that the

real strength of a nation does not lie in its material sources. The brave, faithful

and hardworking men are its real strength. They face the difficulties boldly for

their nation’s sake. They work throughout their life. They do not sit idle. These are

the people who make the foundations of their nation strong. They exalt their

nation to the heights of glory. It is due to their struggles that the nation acquires a

place of dignity in the world. They are really the pride of the nation.

3- The Character of a Happy Life

This is a thought provoking poem by Henry Wotton. This poem deals with

the main features of life and personality of a happy man. He is the master of his

own will. He is always truthful and honest. He is never affected by his passions.

He does not long for public fame. He does not care for the people who talk

against him. He is not jealous of others at all. He always follows the right path. He

never cheats any one. He feels happy to help the poor and the needy. He always

prays to God in every situation. He does not care of rise or fall. He is really the

master of his own life. he is always contented with his life. That is why, he is

always happy.

4- A Fragment

This poem has been written by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. This poem is about the

benefits of early rising. He advises us to get early in the morning. He advises us to get up early in

the morning. In the morning, the angels of mercy and favour knock at our door. If we do not pay

any attention to them, they hurriedly move to the next door and leave us. Then they do not take

care of us.

The poet also points out the harms of late rising. Even a player loses his strength if he

rises late. A late riser farmer cannot maintain the fertility of his land. In this way, his farms grow

nothing but only weeds.

5- A Little Word

This poem has very important lesson for us. It gives us a moral advice. We should take

especial care of using even the little words in our daily life. These our little words and actions have

deep effects on others. So we should be very careful about the choice of our words. A kind word

or action can heal the broken hearts of others. Harsh words can injure the feelings of others. A

kind word can support the others in the darkest hours of their life. We should always think before



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we speak. Our kind words can bring smile on other people’s faces. So we should not ignore our

little words and actions. They leave deep impression upon others.

6- My Mother

This poem has been written by Anne Taylor. In this poem, she expresses her love for her

mother. She says that her mother took much care of her. When she was a child, she loved her

very much. It was her mother who taught her how to talk and walk. Whenever the poetess fell ill,

her mother never took rest. She sat beside her cradle. Her mother passed restless nights with her

during her illness. In the childhood, her mother told her interesting stories. She took care of her

dress. Her mother always tried to keep the poetess tidy. The poetess says that she will always

remember the love and kindness of her mother. She will be kind and affectionate to her mother.

She says that when her mother will get old, she will look after her. She will comfort support her

mother with her young and strong arms. She will try to lessen her mother’s pains in her old age.

Sentences Of Words Class X.

Lesson#3, The Difference between a brain and a Computer.

Words Meanings SentencesSize حجم The size of this pen is very small.Complicated پیچیدہ I cannot solve this complicated Problem.Device ا�لہ Mobile Phone is a tiny device.Program پروگرام I have no program to go to Karachi.Compose مرتب�کرنا She has composed this beautiful poem.

Lesson#6, Transport

Words Meanings SentencesConveyance سواری۔

ٹرانسپورٹ

We need public conveyance to go to City.

Efficient قابل He is very efficient worker.Invention ایجاد Mobile Phone is a great invention.Environment ماحول Our environment should be clean.Development ترقی The development of business depends upon hard work.

Lesson#7, Human Rights and Medina Charter.



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Words Meanings SentencesEnmity د*شمنی There is enmity between Pakistan India.Justice انصاف Treat everyone with justice.Discrimination امتیاز۔�فرق Treat everyone without discrimination.Rights حقوق Men and women have equal rights.Dispute جھگڑا There is no dispute between us.Stress زور�دینا۔�پر

اصرار�کرنا

Our holy prophet stressed on being honest.

Prejudice تعصب Do not have prejudice against anyone.Progress ترقی We should work hard for the progress of Pakistan.

Lesson#9, A Father’s Advice.

Words Meaning SentencesDurable پاءیدار These shoes are durable.Oppress دبانا Do not oppress others.Abstain بچنا۔�پرہیز�کرنا Abstain from smoking.Vanity غرور I dislike vanity.Conceit تکب>ر He is full of conceit.Exert لگانا۔استعمال

کرنا

Exert yourself to earn an honest living.

Moderate میانہ�رو Be moderate in your life.Contented مطعن�ہونا۔

قناعت�پسند

He is contented with his lot.

Entrust حوالے�کرنا He entrusted his work to me.

Lesson#10, Hazrat Ali’s Humanism.

Words Meanings SentencesKind-hearted مہربان Sir Akif is a kindhearted teacher.Humble عاجز Ali is a very humble person.Contented قنا�عت�پسند Hazrat Ali led a contented life.Sorrows غم۔�د*�کھ We should share the sorrows of others.Survive برداشت�کرنا۔

زندہ�رہنا۔

She could not survive her misfortunes and died.

Attend حا�ضر�ہونا۔ We should attend the class regularly.Object اعترا�ض�کرنا I do not object to your actions.Refuse انکار�کرنا He refused to help me.Avail فاءیدہ�ا*ٹھانا Avail this opportunity.

Lesson#11, The Handicrafts of Pakistan.



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Words Meanings Sentences.Exhibit Handicrafts are exhibited in Lok Melas.Source What is your source of income?Livelihood We should try to earn honest livelihood.Access I have no access to the nazim.Specialize Ali specializes in pottery.Utilize We should utilize the time.Acquire She has acquired the proper skill.Manage He manages a small business.Despite He went there despite my warnings.Handicrafts Handicrafts are displayed in Lok Melas.Traditions We follow the Islamic traditions.

Lesson#12, The Menace of Drugs.

Words Meanings Sentences.Free of cost This pen is free of cost.Bright students Bright students are always successful.In spite of He went therein spite of my warnings.Sometimes Sometimes he helps me in my work.Neither-nor Neither he nor I went there.

Lesson#15, Traffic Education

Words Meanings Sentences.Zigzag The taxi driver went zigzagging.Slow down Please slow down your speed.Instruct Our teacher instructs us about the dangers of cramming.Hurriedly She went to me hurriedly.Pedestrian The pedestrians should walk on the road with care.Imitate The monkeys imitate us.Emphasize Our teacher emphasizes hard work.Pavement The pedestrians should use pavement.vehicle I have no vehicle.

Lesson#17, A Fragment.

Words Meanings Sentences.Awake She awakes early in the morning.Wait I am waiting for you.Departed He departed by 4:30pm flight.Strength An early riser gains strength.



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Produce Hard work produces good results.

Lesson#19, Two Wedding Ceremonies.

Words Meanings Sentences.Illuminated The mosque was illuminated with lights.Extending The extending trees in a row look beautiful.Inquired He inquired about the latest news.Compose He composed a beautiful poem.Convinced I am convinced of your honesty.Display The students are displaying charts on the wall.Dowry Dowry is a curse.Consent I cannot go there without my father’s consent.Bliss Dispute destroys the bliss of marriage.Ailing We should take care of the ailing person.Hard and fast There is no hard and fast rule for making tea.By and large By and large his work is good.Ups and downs There are many ups and downs in life.Heaven and

earth

She moved heaven and earth to pass the examination.

Black and white Please reply me in black and white.

Direct & Indirect

(1) (1)

He says to me, “My father is a landlord.” He says to me that his father is a landlord.

She says, “The sun rises in the east?” She says that the sun rises in the east.

She was saying, “I was sitting beside

them.”

She was saying that she was sitting beside

them.

They will say, “We are going to Mecca.” They will say that they are going to Mecca.

They say to me, “We cannot help him.” They say to me that they cannot help him.

She says, “I am ill.” She says that she is ill.

(2) (2)

We said, “We play a match daily.” We said that we played a match daily.

She said, “I am doing my work.” She said that she was doing her work.

They said, “We have bought a house in

Muree.”

They said that they had bought a house in

Muree.

I said to them, “You have been living in that I said to them that they had been living in that



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house since 1996.” house since 1996.

He said, “I wrote a letter to my uncle.” He said that he had written a letter to his

uncle.

She said to us, “I was doing my work when

my brother entered the room.”

She said to us that she had been doing her

work when her brother had entered the room.

I said to him, “You had made mistake

before I broke in.”

I said to him that he had made mistake before

I had broken in.

She said to me, “We had been paying the

rent for twenty years.”

She said to me that they had been paying the

rent for twenty years.

They said to us, “You will not help us.” They said to us that we would not help them.

She said to them, “Amina will be learning

the lesson.”

She said to them that Amina would be learning

the lesson.

You said to him, “They will have left Lahore

bag and baggage.”

You said to him that they would have left

Lahore bag and baggage.

She said to me, “They will have been

waiting for us for a couple of hours.”

She said to me that they would have been

waiting for them for a couple of hours.

He said to his father, “He can do his work

very well.”

He said to his father that he could do his work

very well.

She said to her brother, “It may rain today.” She said to her brother that it might rain that

day.

She said, “The earth moves round its axis.” She said that the earth moves round its axis.

You said to me, “Two and two make four.” You said to me that two and two make four.

I said to him, “Water keeps its level.” I said to him that water keeps its level.

You said to me, “History repeats itself.” You said to me that history repeats itself.

The teacher said, “Man is mortal.” That teacher said that man is mortal.

He said to me, “A woman’s voice is softer

than man’s.”

He said to me that a woman’s voice is softer

that man’s.

(3) (3)

The lion said to the fox, “Many animals

come here everyday.”

The lion said to the fox that many animals

came there everyday.

He said, “It will rain today.” He said that it would rain that day.

He said to me, “No, you are not at fault.” He said to me that I was not at fault.

They said, “Good night, my friends.” They said good night to their friends.



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She said to me, “Well, you may go now.” She said to me that I might go then.

“Good bye”, said he, as he shut the door. He said good bye as he shut the door.

“Good morning, sir,” Said the stranger to

me.

The stranger said good morning to me.

“Well, sir,” said I to the doctor, “I shall see

you again tomorrow.”

I said to the doctor respectfully that I would

see him again the next day.

Father said to us, “All right, I allow you to

go to the pictures today.”

Father said to us that he allowed us to go to

the pictures that day.

He said to them, “Good-bye! My friends,

we’ll meet tomorrow.”

He said goodbye to his friends saying they

would meet the next day.

You said to her, “Well, madam, I shall

leave this book here on your table today.”

You said to her respectfully that you would

leave that book there on her table that day.

She said to him, “Well, sir, my brother has

not come to school today, because he is

suffering from fever.”

She said to him respectfully that her brother

had not come to school that day, because he

was suffering from fever.

“My son”, said she, “Union is strength.” She said to his son that union is strength.

She said to me, “Every cock fights best on

its own dung-hill.”

She said to me that every cock fights best on

its own dung-hill.

(4) (4)

The manager said to the peon, “Get out of

my office.”

The manager said to the peon to get out of his

office.

I said to him, “Do not betray your friends.” I said to him not to betray his friends. Or

I forbade him to betray his friends.

She said to us, “keep quiet over here.” She said to us to keep quiet over there.

The teacher said to the student, “Do not tell

a lie.”

The teacher forbade the students to tell a lie.

He said to his teacher, “Sir, kindly excuse

me now.”

He said to his teacher respectfully to excuse

him then.

(5) (5)

I said to him, “Do you speak the truth?” I said to him if he spoke the truth.



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He said to me, “Are you going to school

now?”

He said to me if I was going to school then.

He said to me, “who will be visiting my

factory tomorrow?”

He said to me who would be visiting his factory

the next day.

She said to me, “Which books did you buy

from the bazaar?”

She said to me which books I had bought from

the bazaar.

He said to me, “Will you go to cinema

tonight?”

He said to me if I would go to cinema that

night.

She said to him, “Did you lose your pen

here?”

She said to him if he had lost his pen there.

He said to me, “Why did you refuse to take

these ladies to the railway station?”

He said to me why I had refused to take those

ladies to the railway station.

She said to us, “Where were you going

yesterday?”

She said to us where we had been going the

previous day.

Said the doctor to me, “Why did you not

take this medicine yesterday?”

The doctor said to me why I had not taken that

medicine the previous day.

(6) (6)

The old man said, “Hurrah, My brother

stood first in England.”

They old man exclaimed with joy that his

brother had stood first in England.

“Aha! We are going to Mecca tomorrow to

perform the Hajj.” Said they.

The exclaimed with joy that they were going to

Mecca the next day to perform the Hajj.

She said, “How sweetly these birds sing!” She exclaimed with wonder that those birds

sang very sweetly.

She said, “Alas! I have lost my purse” She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost

her purse.

We said, “What a great man our leader

was!”

We exclaimed with wonder that our leader had

been a very great man.

They said, “Alas! We have not been able to

win this prize.”

They exclaimed with sorrow that they had not

been able to win that prize.

(7) (7)

They said, “May God save us from the

hands of these cruel moneylenders.”

They prayed that God might save us from the

hands of those cruel moneylenders.



17

He said, “Would that I were the only son of

very rich man.”

He wished that he had been the only son of

very rich man.

She said, “May the rain stop before

sunrise.”

She prayed that the rain might stop before

sunrise.

“May God bless you with a son.” Said the

old woman to Perveen.

The old woman said to Perveen that God

might bless her with a son.

They said, “Would that we had attended

the funeral of that saint.”

They wished that they had attended the

funeral of that saint.

Paragraphs

1- My School

I read in Govt. High School 203/RB Manawala Faisalabad. It is situated on the

Lahore road. The building of my school is very grand and beautiful. It attracts the

attention of the onlookers. There is a beautiful grassy lawn amidst the school

building. At the north of the grassy lawn, a double story building stands with

majesty and grace. On its west, there is Science Room, a Dispensary and eight

class rooms for 9th and 10th classes. The Headmaster’s Office, the Clerk’s office

and the staff room for the teachers lie in the west of the main entrance. The main

entrance of the School is worth seeing. It looks like an entrance of a great

institution of higher rank. On entering the school, one is stunned to see the grace

and beauty of the building as well the flowery lawn located in the centre of the

school building. My school has always shown a good result. All the teachers are

highly educated and learned persons. They teach the students with love and

devotion. They never miss their period. All the students are neat and clean. They

always add to the beauty of the school due to their neat and clean uniform.

2- Girl Guides

Girl Guide Movement was started by Lord Baden Powel and his sister

Lady Agnes in 1910. The main purpose of this movement is to make the school-

going girls aware of their duties. It develops in them a sense of good citizenship.

It helps them to acquire the power of observation and of judgement and makes Muhammad Yasin GiLL, M.A. English, B.Ed #(0322) (0313) 6278595, 03217805595, 03027001680


18

them self-reliant. It creates in them faithfulness for others. The Girl Guides hold

rallies and thus sometimes in camps away from home. There they meet guides

from different parts of the country. Sometimes they come into contact with the

Guides coming from foreign countries. In this way they have a chance to

understand the people of various countries. This creates the feeling of unity,

discipline and sacrifice for the common good. The Guides do a lot of useful work

in times of emergency and war. They donate blood to the injured and the

patients. Thus they shape their moral and social character. They are the useful

member of the society.

3- A Visit to a Museum

Museum is a place where rare and old things are kept. There is a big

museum in Lahore. Last Monday, I went to see the Museum with my brother. It is

situated in front of the Hall on the Mall. We bought tickets at the gate and went in.

it is a spacious building and has several big halls. Each hall has curious things. In

one big hall we saw pictures of the past kings of India. They were drawn by the

artists of the past. In another hall, we saw the arms and weapons which were

used in the battle field in the time of Mughals. We also saw samples of dresses

and uniform, worn by soldiers, generals and kings in the time of war. In another

hall, we saw statues of Buddha. We also saw a model of Taj Mahal. We spent

much time in seeing statues, ornaments and other things dug out from Taxla. We

also saw Biological Section. There were dead snakes, birds, insects and beasts.

They were stuffed with cotton and looked like living one. These things added to

our knowledge. Then we came back home tired but happy.

4- A Visit to Hospital

Last Sunday, I went to the hospital to see one of my close friends. He was

injured in an accident and was admitted to hospital. There was a great rush of

visitors during the visiting hours. The condition of the patients in the General

Ward was very miserable. Some of the patients were crying with pain. Some

were lying in their beds unconscious. They were being attended on properly. The

nurses on duty were very polite and active. They were moving from bed to bed to

look after the patients. They were helping the patients in taking their medicines



19

when and where necessary. The condition of the patients in the Emergency Ward

was also very pitiable. Seriously ill and injured patients were being carried to this

ward. I stayed there for some time. I saw for the first time a tragic and real aspect

of life. Everybody, in the hospital, was repenting his sins and praying to Allah

Almighty to have mercy on him. The condition of my friend was out of danger. He

was recovering rapidly. I returned home with sad mood. The miserable scenes

and sights of the suffering of the patients are still in my mind. I always pray for the

restoration of the health of all the patients. The visit to hospital taught me the

lesson of humility which I could not have understood otherwise.

5- Fashions

This is an age of fashions. It has become common in our society. The

attraction of fashion is very strong in our cities. New generation runs after fashion

blindly. Everyone wants to be smart and up to date. Women get crazy in following

the current fashions. Radio, T.V. and newspapers become are a major source of

fashions. Especially the advertisements capture the attention of the youngsters.

They affect even the middle and lower class of the people. Today fashions are

not a matter of money or wealth. The middle class youngsters equally follow the

fashions. They are not less interested than the rich. Now all are victim of fashion.

The garments and cosmetic industry, and their attractive advertisements play an

important role in the spread of fashion. In this way a lot of money is wasted on

fashions. Modern wears, powders, perfumes, fabrics, footwear, furniture, fast

food and thrilling video films have become popular fashions. Fashion spreads

very quickly. But being Muslims, we should be moderate. We should not adopt

fashions blindly. Our religion teaches us to lead a simple and clean life. Our

women should not forget Parda while following the fashions. We should follow the

teachings of Islam. We can adopt fashions within the limits of Islam. Then our life

will be easy and contented.

6- A River in Flood

Last year it rained heavily on the mountains. The level of water rose very

high in the lake of Mangla Dam. In order to save the dam, the gates of the dam

were opened. This caused a great flood in the river Ravi. The water began to flow



20

over the river banks. All the towns and villages badly affected by the flood water.

The flow of the water on plain areas was very fast. It rushed forcefully onwards.

Nothing could stand on its way. It pulled down many houses. It also destroyed

crops. Many men, women, children and animals were swept away. Every body

was terrified. The people were trying to save them as well as their animals. Some

people took refuge on the second storeys of the houses. Many men, women,

children and animals lost their lives in the flood. We saw dead bodies of the cattle

floating in the water. Rescue teams reached there to save the people. Relief

Camps were also set up. Medical aid was given to the sufferers. It was a very

horrible incident.

7- A Dream

Every body in this world have dreams at night. Dreams are pleasant as

well unpleasant. Whenever I enjoy sound sleep, I often have some dream. But

last night I had a horrible dream. It was a nightmare. I found myself in a garden.

There were beautiful flowers of different colours. A strong wind was blowing. I

plucked a few flowers. All of a sudden, I saw a black long snake. I got nervous.

The flowers fell from my hands. The drops of sweat appeared on my forehead.

The snake turned to me and tried to bite me. I ran towards my home. On the way

there was a room. Its door was wide open. The snake was running after me. I

entered the room and shut the door. Then I saw the snake crawling down the

ventilators into the room. I gave a loud shriek in fear. I woke up. I thanked God

that it was a dream. I tried to sleep but I could not. I recited the Ayat-ul-Kursi.

Then I felt peace. I cannot forget this horrible dream.

8- An Industrial Exhibition

An exhibition is a public show of art. An industrial exhibition was held in

Hockey stadium Faisalabad. I went to see the exhibition with my friends. We

bought tickets and entered the stadium. Many stalls were set up there.

Thousands of industrial goods were displayed there. There were textile and

electrical products. Many stalls had agricultural products, crockery and

embroidered clothes. Stalls of cosmetics, toys, and shoes were very attractive.

There was a great rush of people at the food stalls. The children were enjoying



21

the merry-go-round and magic shows. We bought a beautiful camera, a blanket

and a computer. It was a very useful exhibition. We enjoyed it very much.

9- My Neighbour

Good neighbours are a blessing of God. I live in a colony. The people who

live here are educated. We can choose our friends but cannot choose our

neighbours. We have to live with them whether we like them or not. Fortunately

my next door neighbour is a very gentleman. His name is Ali. He is a doctor. He

is very respectful to his elders. He is very sincere friend. He is very kind to his

patients. He gives free medicine to the poor. He helps everyone in the locality

selflessly. His wife is also a very sociable lady. They have two sons and a

daughter. They are very lovely. Mr. Ali is very popular with the other people of the

colony. All the young and the old respect him. We often enjoy his company. We

also invite him to our functions. He shares our sorrows. He is very rich but he is

not proud. He always advises me to work hard. I like him very much.

10-A Meena Bazaar

A meena bazaar is a very interesting and colourful function. It is held every

year in our school. The headmistress, the staff and the pupils work together in

this function. A few days ago, a meena bazaar was held in our school. It was held

to collect money for the Red Crescent Society. The whole show was managed by

us under the supervision of our teachers. The girls of class Ten had prepared

chaat, pakoras, kababs and other kinds of refreshment. They set up their stalls

and sold these things to the visitors who were all women. Fruit chaat, shami

kababs and chicken-sticks were in great demand. Our teachers too had their own

stalls where they sold bangles, handkerchiefs, hair pins and many other things. It

was a great fun. The girl customers tried little tricks with the stall-holders. The

stall holders kept an eye on the naughty customers. All the things were sold out

in a short time. There was a very interesting variety show in the afternoon. One of

our teachers juggled with seven balls without dropping a single one. Four small

girls presented a play which was liked by all the visitors. In the end our

headmistress thanked the visitors and distributed the prizes among participants.

Everybody came back home happy.



22

11-A Road Accident

One day I was travelling from Faisalabad to Lahore. As our bus reached

Shahkot, I saw a crowd of people. The driver stopped the bus. All the passengers

got down the bus. Actually a car had run into a bus. The driver of the bus tried to

avoid the accident but he could not control the bus. The bus turned turtle. The

young persons were busy in dragging out the passengers. Four persons were

found dead. Some had received serious injuries. The car driver was also very

seriously injured. The dead and the injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.

There was blood everywhere on the road. The condition of some of the injured

was very bad. The doctors and nurses attended them at once. They dressed their

wounds and gave them medicines. They tried their best to save the lives of the

seriously injured persons. The police arrived at the spot. A police officer recorded

the statements of the persons present at the spot. The sight of the accident was

very horrible. May God save us from such incidents.

12-A Fortune Teller

A fortune teller tells the people about their fortune. He is often found in big

cities of Pakistan. He is often seen sitting on a footpath. He has some books,

card in a basket, a pencil and a few sheets of paper. He pretends to be a great

scholar of astronomy and know everything about the movement of stars. He

cheats the simple people. Villagers, illiterate men and women and poor people

are his victims. They come to him to find out the causes of their problems and

their possible solutions. The fortune teller is a very clever and talkative person. In

fact, he is a great psychologist. He guesses the problems of the people and gives

them some hopeful solutions. A fortune teller is a big fraud. He examines the

lines on the palm of the person. He tells him many things about his luck. He tells

lies shamelessly. He shakes the people’s faith in God. He satisfies his customers

with his calculations. He fleeces the people. The people should be too educated

to fall a victim of the fortune tellers.

13-Basant



23

Basant has become a very popular festival of our country. It is celebrated

in Spring Season. It is also the part of Jashn-e-Baharan. The people of big cities

celebrate it with great joy. The people of Lahore are especially interested in it.

Kite-flying is their favourite hobby. This event is full of pleasure for them. It is the

major event of Basant. The young and the old all like to fly kites. The young boys

and girls go on to the roofs of their houses. The people also gather in the

playgrounds and lawns on the day of Basant. Loud speakers and some musical

instruments are also used to express the joy. The people try to cut the thread of

the kite of one another with the sharp cord of their kites. If a kite is cut off its cord,

there are shouts of “Bo-kata”. At night flood lights are used to make festival more

attractive. The cut-away kite is followed by many boys to catch it. They try to

catch it even at the risk of their life. Kite-flying is a very dangerous hobby. Many

kite fliers fall down from the roofs of their houses. Some of them lose their loves.

It is only the wastage of money, time and lives. It is useless activity. It must be

banned by the government.

14-A Picnic

Last week the Headmaster of our school decided to take our class to Jallo

Park for a picnic. All the students were taken there by bus. We reached in the

park at 8.30 am. The scene at Jallo looked like a big fair. We selected a place

near the Jallo Lake and spread a big carpet there. We placed our lunch boxes

there and went around the park in groups. We enjoyed the swings in the park and

swimming in the lake. The students entertained us with tit-bits and jokes. At 12.30

pm we assembled and sat on the carpet for lunch. After this we took some rest

and again dispersed to enjoy ourselves. Some students were enjoying songs on

their cell phones. Others were making photos with their cameras. At about 4.00

pm we again gathered at the appointed place. Now were served with light

refreshments. The time passed quickly. The sun was about to set now. We

started for our home journey. It was a memorable picnic. We cannot forget its

pleasures.

15- A Street Quarrel



24

One day I was coming back from my school. As I was passing through the

street, I saw a large number of people gathered there. There was a great noise.

Some gentlemen and ladies seemed excited. The women were abusing each

other from behind the doors. The men seemed in high temper. One of the men

was in high rage and wanted to beat the opponent woman, but the other men

standing in the street tried to hold him. Meanwhile a woman struck him with a rod

from behind. In response to it, the women from the other side attacked this

woman. They were dragging her into the street. They grasped her hair and pulled

her hair with force. The other women in the street rushed to them and freed the

women from their clutches. At this a man from the opposite side got forward and

was about to hit the attacker women, but the people standing there seized him.

The people pacified both the parties. Thus the dispute came to an end. These

kinds of dispute often occur due to illiteracy and impatience

.16- A visit to Historical Place

We paid a visit to the Tomb of Jahangir one day. A wonderful scene met

our eyes as we entered the main gate. A majestic marble building stood in the

middle of a vast well-kept garden. In it there were rows of Cyprus trees and

beautiful flower-beds. Fountains played in a tank as well as in the one-foot deep

and four-foot wide canals running between the foot-paths. We walked about for

some time and then we entered the marble building to have a look at the grave of

the great Mughal Emperor, Jahangir. We prayed for him, before we came out. At

every corner of this building stands a beautiful minaret. We went up one of these.

We were surprised to see only three minarets of the Badshahi Mosque. We came

down after a few minutes and returned home full of great praise for the wonderful

skill of the Mughal engineers of the past.

17- A Visit to Zoo

My cousin and I went to the zoo yesterday. We saw a fountain playing in

front of the main gate. We joined the crowd of visitors in going round the cages of

stags, rabbits, pigeons, parrots and sparrows. Then we saw monkeys and

baboons. We threw some grams into their cages, and they ate these with great

joy. The children were making faces at them. The monkeys were jumping from



25

one place to another. The people were making mischief with them. We did not

like to see wolves, jackals, bears and foxes. So we went over to the other side to

have a look at an elephant. Not far from there, we saw it playing with grass.

There were peacocks of different colours. We saw the graceful zebras with black

stripes. Then we went further to see lions, tigers and leopards. We had yet to see

ducks and cranes, when we heard the bell. So we left the zoo and returned

home.

18- Allama Iqbal

Allama Iqbal is my favourite author and poet. He was one of the greatest

thinkers of his age. He was born at Sialkot in 1870. He completed his study of the

Holy Quran in his boyhood. He was a good student. His professor of Persian and

Urdu in the Murray College Sialkot, Sayyed Mir Hassan greatly helped him

develop his talent. He got his M.A. from the Government College, Lahore. He

went to Europe for higher studies and returned home as a barrister. He gained

great reputation as a poet with message for the Muslims. He awakened the

Muslims of the subcontinent from the deep sleep of nothingness. He made the

Muslims active by his verses. All the Muslims of the world get inspiration from his

poetry. He gave the idea of Pakistan in 1930. The Quaid-i-Azam turned his

dream into reality. He passed away in Lahore on the 21st of April, 1938. He was

buried near the stairs of the Badshahi Mosque Lahore.

19- The Teacher I like The Most (The Best)

Abdullah sb. is my best teacher. I like him most of the other teachers. He

is M.A. English, B.Ed. He is tall and healthy. He wears neat and clean dress. He

says his prayers five times a day. He is a true religious person. He is very

punctual and regular. He teaches us English. He is very hard working. He

teaches us with love and care. He never misses his period. He is a perfect

gentleman. He reaches school ten minutes before the bell goes. He has great

knowledge of English grammar and his method of teaching is simple but very

good. We learn very easily what he teaches us. He discusses our common



26

mistakes in the class room. Sometimes he punishes the work-shirkers and

naughty boys. But there is always lesson in his punishment. He takes keen and

personal interest in the welfare of the students. He is very kind and sympathetic.

May he live long! Amen!

20- A House on Fire

I was getting ready to go to bed last night. All of a sudden I heard a great

noise. I came out into the street in hot haste. There was a lot of rush of people

there in the street. The people were crying rescue. I was surprised to see clouds

of smoke rising from the house of a friend of mine. I rang up the fire-brigade at

once. It arrived there without any loss of time. Some of its members started

throwing water over the house with a hose-pipe. Other put up a ladder against a

wall to go up. They brought down the inmates of the house one by one. They also

brought down as many trunks and suit-cases, boxes and other things as they

could. Mean while the fire was brought under control. It could not be controlled

without the help of the people and the fire brigade. Thank God, there was no loss

of life, but the damage to property was estimated at Rs.50, 000.

The End


10 class notes

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