1 the great global convergence 1400 – 1800 c.e. unit 5

26
1 The Great Global Convergence The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5 Unit 5

Upload: alexander-wilson

Post on 14-Jan-2016

250 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

1

The Great Global ConvergenceThe Great Global Convergence

1400 – 1800 C.E.1400 – 1800 C.E.

Unit 5Unit 5

Page 2: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

2

What was global convergence?What was global convergence?Converge means to come together.

Change accelerated when people, resources, and ideas from the whole world came

together.

That made the world more like we know it today—more

modern!

Accelerate means to speed up.

Page 3: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

3

1. Scholarship and the arts grew and spread.

2. Religious ideas were contested and spread to new lands.

3. Trade became global, new industries developed and the economy began to modernize.

4. Global empires emerged for the first time and governments centralized.

Patterns that began during the Patterns that began during the last unit continued to bring about last unit continued to bring about change – particularly in Europe.change – particularly in Europe.

Page 4: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

4

1. Knowledge Flowered1. Knowledge Flowered

• Knowledge of ancient Greece and Rome disappeared after the fall of the Western Roman Empire

• Ancient knowledge re-entered Europe during the 12th century. Its origins were Greek, Arabic, Chinese, and Indian.

• Natural sciences, math, applied

sciences, philosophy, geography and history re-emerged.

• Known as the Renaissance – means

rebirth

Page 5: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

5

1. The Printing Press1. The Printing Press• Printing technology spread from

China to Europe.

• Gutenberg’s printing press with moveable type could reproduce pages quickly, adding woodcut illustrations.

• By the time he invented his printing press, papermaking had spread to Europe.

• In the first century of printing, thousands of books were sold and added to Europe’s growing libraries.

• The printing press made the Renaissance possible

Page 6: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

6

Maps reflected discovery and

colonization and helped exchanges of knowledge among

people in the world.

1. 1. MapsMaps

Page 7: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

7

1. Scholarship and the arts grew and spread.

2. Religious ideas were contested and spread to new lands.

3. Trade became global, new industries developed and the economy began to modernize.

4. Global empires emerged for the first time and governments centralized.

Patterns that began during the Patterns that began during the last unit continued to bring about last unit continued to bring about change – particularly in Europe.change – particularly in Europe.

Page 8: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

8

2. Christian Traditions are 2. Christian Traditions are QuestionedQuestioned

• Martin Luther challenged the Catholic Church’s authority and brought on the Protestant Reformation after 1517.

• Western Christianity split into 2

camps: Protestant and Catholic

• Political leaders took sides, spawning European religious and national conflicts that lasted more than a century—to the mid-1600s.

Page 9: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

9

2. Islam and Christianity 2. Islam and Christianity Spread GloballySpread Globally

• Traders and Sufi orders spread Islam in Africa and Asia.

• The Ottoman Empire expanded into eastern Europe, and Islam spread into the Balkans.

• Catholic missionaries and religious orders followed the spread of empires in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

• Protestants colonized North America.

Page 10: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

10

1. Scholarship and the arts grew and spread.

2. Religious ideas were contested and spread to new lands.

3. Trade became global, new industries developed and the economy began to modernize.

4. Global empires emerged for the first time and governments centralized.

Patterns that began during the Patterns that began during the last unit continued to bring about last unit continued to bring about change – particularly in Europe.change – particularly in Europe.

Page 11: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

11

3. Asian Voyages3. Asian Voyages

Ottoman Turkish naval vessels patrolled the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, and the Indian Ocean.

Zheng He, Admiral of the Ming fleet, made seven voyages around the Indian Ocean.

Indian Ocean trade routes attracted merchants as they had for centuries.

Page 12: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

12

3. Maritime Technology3. Maritime Technology

Chinese Chinese sternpost sternpost

rudderrudder

Arab Arab lateen saillateen sail

Chinese Chinese compasscompass

Muslim portolan Muslim portolan charts and mapscharts and maps

New technologies from Asia led to new European ship designs in the 15th century.

Page 13: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

13

Columbus 1492

Vasco da Gama 1498

Magellan 1519

After 1415, European mariners made voyages across the seas toward east and west. By 1519, Spanish ships had circumnavigated the globe.

3. European Voyages3. European Voyages

Page 14: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

14

3. 3. New Industries Emerge in New Industries Emerge in EuropeEurope

Chinese silks and Indian cottons led to English and French textile factories

Ottoman and Persian ceramics led to Holland’s Delft stoneware industry

Chinese influence led English manufacturers to make “china” – once they found the right clay

Page 15: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

15

• Commercial law protected private property and investments.

• More efficient bureaucracies and taxation increased the power of the government’s purse.

• European kings issued charters to colonize overseas.

• Jurists experimented with civil and constitutional law.

3. Banking And Laws Change 3. Banking And Laws Change in Europe in Europe

Page 16: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

16

1. Scholarship and the arts grew and spread.

2. Religious ideas were debated and spread to new lands.

3. Trade became global, new industries developed and the economy began to modernize.

4.4. Global empires emerged for the Global empires emerged for the first time and authority became first time and authority became more centralized.more centralized.

Patterns that began during the Patterns that began during the last unit continued to bring about last unit continued to bring about

change – particularly in Europechange – particularly in Europe

Page 17: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

17

Large states in Afroeurasia used gunpowder and artillery to

expand trade and win territory throughout the world – creating

global empires.

Page 18: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

18

Monarchs centralize authorityMonarchs centralize authority

Louis XIVFrance

1643-1715

Catherine the Great Russia

1762-1796

Elizabeth IEngland

1558-1603

Philip IISpain

1556-1598

Xizong Ming China

1620-1627

Shah Abbas Persia

1587-1629

JahangirIndia

1605-1627

Süleyman Ottoman Empire

1520-1566

Page 19: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

Monarchs also….Monarchs also….

• Claim absolute power over everything in their realms

• Create large armies and navies

• Assert state control over the economy, agriculture, people, arts, and the aristocracy

• Begin building enormous empires

19

Page 20: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

20

Persian, Indian, Turkish, Chinese, Japanese, and European artisans experimented with steel production for weapons.

Land and maritime empires battled over control of trade, resources, and territory.

Gunpowder empires in Asia, Africa, and

Europe honed skills in production of artillery

and handguns.

Page 21: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

21

States and Empires in 1519 CEStates and Empires in 1519 CE

Page 22: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

22

States and Empires in 1600 CEStates and Empires in 1600 CE

Page 23: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

23

States and Empires in 1714 CEStates and Empires in 1714 CE

Page 24: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

24

States and Empires in 1804 CEStates and Empires in 1804 CE

Page 25: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

What did all this mean What did all this mean for Europe?for Europe?

25

Page 26: 1 The Great Global Convergence 1400 – 1800 C.E. Unit 5

26

Charles I, beheaded in 1649 Charles I 1625-1649

King George III1760-1820

Rebellion in American Colonies 1776

Do monarchs go too far???????Do monarchs go too far???????

French Revolution1789

Louis XVI 1775-1793