11Literary Elements & Poetic DevicesLiterary Elements & Poetic Devices

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SettingSettingWhen looking at setting, consider the When looking at setting, consider the

locationlocation, , time periodtime period, and , and physical physical environmentenvironment..

Episode IVEpisode IV

Episode VEpisode V Episode VIEpisode VI

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PlotPlot

1. 1. ExpositionExposition: introduces characters, : introduces characters, setting & conflictssetting & conflicts

2. 2. Rising ActionRising Action: complications, : complications, twists, and intensificationtwists, and intensification

3. 3. Climax:Climax: high-point of story high-point of story

4.4. Falling Action:Falling Action: result of climax result of climax

5.5. Denouement-Everything goes back Denouement-Everything goes back to normalto normal

6. 6. Resolution:Resolution: final outcome of story final outcome of story

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5 Stages of Plot5 Stages of Plot

Exposition

Rising Action

Climax

Falling Action

Resolution

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CHARACTERIZATIONCHARACTERIZATION

Protagonist: The main character, usually hero of Protagonist: The main character, usually hero of the story, who is faced with a conflict.the story, who is faced with a conflict.

Antagonist: The character or force that Antagonist: The character or force that createscreates conflict for the protagonist.conflict for the protagonist.

Foil: A character who provides a contrast Foil: A character who provides a contrast (opposite) to the protagonist.(opposite) to the protagonist.

Foil

ProtagonistProtagonist

AntagonisAntagonistt

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Theme: Theme: Let Yoda Be Our Let Yoda Be Our GuideGuide

Central Idea/MessageCentral Idea/Message

-insight about life or human nature-insight about life or human nature

Stated Stated themesthemes:: themes directly themes directly presented in the story (presented in the story (directly stateddirectly stated))

Implied themesImplied themes:: themes figured out by themes figured out by elements of story and life message elements of story and life message

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CharactersCharacters Dynamic characters: change in some way from the beginning to the Dynamic characters: change in some way from the beginning to the

end.end. Rounded Characters: are many sided, lifelike, well roundedRounded Characters: are many sided, lifelike, well rounded

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Conflict Conflict = = Struggle Struggle

ExternalExternal conflict conflict: conflict between : conflict between character and character and outsideoutside force force

Man vs. ManMan vs. Man Man vs. NatureMan vs. Nature Man vs. SocietyMan vs. Society

InternalInternal conflict conflict: conflict that takes : conflict that takes place within the mind (place within the mind (internallyinternally))

Man vs. SelfMan vs. Self

Which picture goes with which Which picture goes with which conflict?conflict?

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More termsMore terms

Foreshadowing - Foreshadowing - Foreshadowing is the author’s use of clues to hint at what might happen later in the story. Writers use foreshadowing to build their readers’ expectations and to create suspense. This is used to help readers prepare for what is to come.

Flashbacks-Flashbacks- A flashback is a literary device in which an earlier episode, conversation, or event is inserted into the sequence of events. Often flashbacks are presented as a memory of the narrator or of another character.

Allusion-Allusion- an incidental mention of something well known an incidental mention of something well known such as a work of art, a famous landmark, a piece of art such as a work of art, a famous landmark, a piece of art work etc.work etc.

What is figurative language?

Figurative language is language that means more than what it says on the surface.

It usually gives us a feeling about its subject.

Poets use figurative language almost as frequently as literal language. When you read poetry, you must be conscious of the difference. Otherwise, a poem may make no sense at all.

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Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

MetaphorMetaphor comparison of two unlike things comparison of two unlike things using the verb "to be" and not using like or using the verb "to be" and not using like or as as in a as as in a simile. .

Ex. Love is a rose. Ex. Love is a rose.

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Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

SimileSimile is the comparison of two unlike is the comparison of two unlike things using things using likelike or or asas. .

Ex. My heart is like an open highway - Jon Ex. My heart is like an open highway - Jon Bon Jovi Bon Jovi

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Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

Alliteration Alliteration is the repetition of initial is the repetition of initial sounds in neighboring words. sounds in neighboring words.

Ex. Dressy daffodils.Ex. Dressy daffodils.

'She sells seashells by the seashore.' 'She sells seashells by the seashore.'

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Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

PersonificationPersonification is giving human qualities is giving human qualities to animals or objects. to animals or objects.

Ex. a smiling moon, a jovial sun Ex. a smiling moon, a jovial sun

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Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

Imagery -Imagery -Language that appeals to the senses.

Most images are visual, but they can also appeal to the senses of sound, touch, taste, or smell.

Ex. “then with cracked hands that ached from labor in the weekday weather . . .” from “Those Winter Sundays”

More examples of figurative language

Hyperbole - A figure of speech (a form of irony) in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect; an extravagant statement.

Ex. “Her brain is the size of a pea.”

“I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.”

Figurative Language

Idiom – A natural manner of speaking to a native speaker of a language. Phrases are only understood in our language.

“A leopard can't change his spots.”Meaning: You cannot change who you are.

“Apple of my eye…” Meaning: Someone who is cherished above all others.

“I have butterflies in my stomach.”Meaning: I’m nervous!