1. John Adams was elected second president in 1796 & Thomas Jefferson elected vice-pres.

Nominee John Adams

Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Pinckney

Aaron Burr

SamAdams

OliverEllsworth

George Clinton

JohnJay

James Iradell

JohnHenry

SamuelJohnston

George Washington

CharlesCotesworth

Pinckney

Party Fed Dem-Rep Fed Dem-

RepDem-Rep Fed Dem-

Rep Fed Fed Fed Fed N/A Fed

Home State MA VA SC NY MA Conn NY NY NC MD NC VA SC

Electoral Vote 71 68 59 30 15 11 7 5 3 2 2 2 1

States Carried 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

In the this election there were 138 Electoral Votes cast… for President

and 138 for Vice President; There was NO distinction between the votes.

Therefore, more than half of 138 was needed to become the next

President… 70 ELECTORAL VOTES!

In the this election there were 138 Electoral Votes cast… for President

and 138 for Vice President; There was NO distinction between the votes.

Therefore, more than half of 138 was needed to become the next

President… 70 ELECTORAL VOTES!

Adams

Jefferson RESA America in a Changing WorldRESA America in a Changing World

The Jay Treaty - compensated England’s with prewar debt & to hear claims for captured American vessels (BUT captured slaves would not be returned).

The Jay Treaty - compensated England’s with prewar debt & to hear claims for captured American vessels (BUT captured slaves would not be returned).

American Issues with Great Britain: Britain was still occupying a number of forts in the Great Lakes region. American merchants wanted compensation for 250 ships confiscated during 1793–94. Southerners wanted compensation for the slaves the British had taken from them during the Revolution. Merchants wanted the British West Indies reopened to American trade. The boundary with Canada was too vague and needed delineation. The British were believed to be aggravating Native-American attacks on settlers in the West.

American Issues with Great Britain: Britain was still occupying a number of forts in the Great Lakes region. American merchants wanted compensation for 250 ships confiscated during 1793–94. Southerners wanted compensation for the slaves the British had taken from them during the Revolution. Merchants wanted the British West Indies reopened to American trade. The boundary with Canada was too vague and needed delineation. The British were believed to be aggravating Native-American attacks on settlers in the West.

John Jay

Results of the Treaty: British agreed to vacate the six western forts by June 1796 Compensate American ship owners (the British paid $10,345,200 by 1802) United States gave most favored nation trading status to Britain US agreed to British anti-French maritime policies US guaranteed the payment of private prewar debts owed by Americans to British merchants that could not be collected in U.S. courts (the U.S. paid £600,000 in 1802)

Results of the Treaty: British agreed to vacate the six western forts by June 1796 Compensate American ship owners (the British paid $10,345,200 by 1802) United States gave most favored nation trading status to Britain US agreed to British anti-French maritime policies US guaranteed the payment of private prewar debts owed by Americans to British merchants that could not be collected in U.S. courts (the U.S. paid £600,000 in 1802)

Jay dropped the issue of compensation for slaves, which angered Southern slave owners. Jay was also unsuccessful in negotiating an end to the “impressment” of American sailors into the Royal Navy

Jay dropped the issue of compensation for slaves, which angered Southern slave owners. Jay was also unsuccessful in negotiating an end to the “impressment” of American sailors into the Royal Navy

Is this Treaty the action/s of a “Neutral” Nation?Is this Treaty the action/s of a “Neutral” Nation?

1a. Jay Treaty.

1b. XYZ Affair & the Alien Sedition Acts.

Ignite Learning: XYZ AffairIgnite Learning: XYZ Affair

X,Y & Z were Jean Conrad Hottinguer (X), Pierre Bellamy (Y) and Lucien Hauteval (Z); They were French representatives working for the Foreign Minister that demanded concessions from the U.S. as a condition for negotiations. The concessions included 50,000 pounds sterling, a $10 million loan from the United States, a $250,000 personal bribe to the French foreign minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand.

X,Y & Z were Jean Conrad Hottinguer (X), Pierre Bellamy (Y) and Lucien Hauteval (Z); They were French representatives working for the Foreign Minister that demanded concessions from the U.S. as a condition for negotiations. The concessions included 50,000 pounds sterling, a $10 million loan from the United States, a $250,000 personal bribe to the French foreign minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand.

The American commission to France, sent in March of 1797, consisted of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry…

The American commission to France, sent in March of 1797, consisted of Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, John Marshall, and Elbridge Gerry…

Marshall

CC Pinckney

GerryTalleyrand

1. The Naturalization Act1. The Naturalization Act

2. The Alien Friends Act2. The Alien Friends Act

3. The Alien Enemies Act 3. The Alien Enemies Act

4. The Sedition Act4. The Sedition Act

In retaliation to the XYZ Affair the Federalist dominated U.S. Congress passed four bills into law in 1798… those laws were…

In retaliation to the XYZ Affair the Federalist dominated U.S. Congress passed four bills into law in 1798… those laws were…

Adams Movie: Talleyrand LetterAdams Movie: Talleyrand Letter

To “PROTECT” the nation GW comes out of retirement but writes a letter asking for Hamilton to be the “first” General in command under him?

To “PROTECT” the nation GW comes out of retirement but writes a letter asking for Hamilton to be the “first” General in command under him?

2. The Alien Friends Act authorized the president to deport any resident alien considered "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States." It was enacted June 25, 1798, with a two year expiration date.

2. The Alien Friends Act authorized the president to deport any resident alien considered "dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States." It was enacted June 25, 1798, with a two year expiration date.

1. The Naturalization Act extended the duration of residence required for aliens to become citizens to 14 years. Enacted June 18, 1798, with no expiration date, it was repealed in 1802.

1. The Naturalization Act extended the duration of residence required for aliens to become citizens to 14 years. Enacted June 18, 1798, with no expiration date, it was repealed in 1802.

3. The Alien Enemies Act authorized the president to apprehend and deport resident aliens if their home countries were at war with the United States of America. Enacted July 6, 1798, and providing no sunset provision, the act remains intact today as 50 U.S.C. § 21–24. At the time, war was considered likely between the U.S. and France.

3. The Alien Enemies Act authorized the president to apprehend and deport resident aliens if their home countries were at war with the United States of America. Enacted July 6, 1798, and providing no sunset provision, the act remains intact today as 50 U.S.C. § 21–24. At the time, war was considered likely between the U.S. and France.

4. The Sedition Act made it a crime to publish "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the government or its officials. It was enacted July 14, 1798, with an expiration date of March 3, 1801.

4. The Sedition Act made it a crime to publish "false, scandalous, and malicious writing" against the government or its officials. It was enacted July 14, 1798, with an expiration date of March 3, 1801.

The Alien Sedition

Acts

The Alien Sedition

Acts

John Adams Movie: TJ & Adams Debate (2:46)John Adams Movie: TJ & Adams Debate (2:46)

The Patriot

Act?

The Patriot

Act?

United States Congress (5th): 138 Members Total 34 Senate (22 Fed & 12 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (57 Fed & 49 Dem-Rep)

United States Congress (5th): 138 Members Total 34 Senate (22 Fed & 12 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (57 Fed & 49 Dem-Rep)

1c. Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions.

PBS Jefferson’s Reply to the Alien Sedition Laws (3 mins)PBS Jefferson’s Reply to the Alien Sedition Laws (3 mins)

The Tenth Amendment: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

The Tenth Amendment: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

Thomas Jefferson’’s statement in the Kentucky Resolution… “Resolved, that the several States composing the United States of America, are not united on the principle of unlimited submission to their general government; but that by compact under the style and title of a Constitution for the United States and of amendments thereto, they constituted a general government for special purposes, delegated to that government certain definite powers, reserving each State to itself, the residuary mass of right to their own self-government; and that whensoever the general government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, and of no force: That to this compact each State acceded as a State, and is an integral party, its co-States forming, as to itself, the other party....each party has an equal right to judge for itself, as well of infractions as of the mode and measure of redress.”

Thomas Jefferson’’s statement in the Kentucky Resolution… “Resolved, that the several States composing the United States of America, are not united on the principle of unlimited submission to their general government; but that by compact under the style and title of a Constitution for the United States and of amendments thereto, they constituted a general government for special purposes, delegated to that government certain definite powers, reserving each State to itself, the residuary mass of right to their own self-government; and that whensoever the general government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, and of no force: That to this compact each State acceded as a State, and is an integral party, its co-States forming, as to itself, the other party....each party has an equal right to judge for itself, as well of infractions as of the mode and measure of redress.”

Null or VOID?

Madison & Jefferson argued that the Alien and Sedition Laws are…

James Madison

Thomas Jefferson

James Madison… considered the “Father” of the US Constitution and creator of the “Bill of Rights.”

James Madison… considered the “Father” of the US Constitution and creator of the “Bill of Rights.”

Jefferson wrote the Kentucky Resolution (above); Madison wrote the Virginia Resolution.

Jefferson wrote the Kentucky Resolution (above); Madison wrote the Virginia Resolution.

1d. Quasi War with France

Quasi… a combining form meaning “resembling,” “having some, but not all of the features of,” used in the formation of compound words: quasi-definition; quasi-monopoly; quasi-official; quasi-scientific.

Quasi… a combining form meaning “resembling,” “having some, but not all of the features of,” used in the formation of compound words: quasi-definition; quasi-monopoly; quasi-official; quasi-scientific.

The Hunchback of Notre Dame’s name was actually Quasimodo; it’s Latin translation means “almost made.”

The Hunchback of Notre Dame’s name was actually Quasimodo; it’s Latin translation means “almost made.”

Causes & Escalation of the Quasi War: Political Parties in US… Federalists promoted this hatred toward FranceThe French RevolutionThe Jay Treaty Capturing of US ships XYZ Affair USS Constellation captured the French ship the L'Insurgente Alien and Sedition Acts

Causes & Escalation of the Quasi War: Political Parties in US… Federalists promoted this hatred toward FranceThe French RevolutionThe Jay Treaty Capturing of US ships XYZ Affair USS Constellation captured the French ship the L'Insurgente Alien and Sedition Acts

USS Constellation

The Quasi War is also known as the Franco-American War or the Undeclared War with France…

The Quasi War is also known as the Franco-American War or the Undeclared War with France…

The Hunchback of Notre Dame

John Adams

U.S. President John Adams sent a commission composed of William Vans Murray, Oliver Ellsworth, and William Richardson Davie to negotiate at the Convention of 1800 (also known as the Treaty of Mortefontaine ). The Treaty was signed on September 30, 1800 and was ratified by both countries on December 21, 1801. This ended the Quasi War.

U.S. President John Adams sent a commission composed of William Vans Murray, Oliver Ellsworth, and William Richardson Davie to negotiate at the Convention of 1800 (also known as the Treaty of Mortefontaine ). The Treaty was signed on September 30, 1800 and was ratified by both countries on December 21, 1801. This ended the Quasi War.

2. Election of 1800: Party Changeover… Republicans gained control of the presidency. Thomas Jefferson became president & Aaron Burr the vice-president. *Twelfth Amendment was passed, allowing electors to cast separate ballots for president & vice-president.

Hamilton-Burr DuelHamilton-Burr Duel

Adams Movie: TJ confronts Adams about Congress decision on Election.

Adams Movie: TJ confronts Adams about Congress decision on Election.

United States Congress (6th): 138 Members Total 32 Senate (21 Fed & 11 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (56 Fed & 49 Dem-Rep; 1 vacant seat)

United States Congress (6th): 138 Members Total 32 Senate (21 Fed & 11 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (56 Fed & 49 Dem-Rep; 1 vacant seat)

United States Congress (7th): 138 Members Total 32 Senate (14 Fed & 18 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (41 Fed & 64 Dem-Rep; 3 vacant seats)

United States Congress (7th): 138 Members Total 32 Senate (14 Fed & 18 Dem-Rep) 106 House of Reps (41 Fed & 64 Dem-Rep; 3 vacant seats)

Pa

rt

y

Ch

an

geNominee Thomas

Jefferson Aaron Burr John Adams

CharlesCotesworth

Pinckney

JohnJay

Party Dem-Rep Dem-Rep Fed Fed Fed

Home State VA NY MA SC NY

Electoral Vote 73 73 65 64 1

States Carried 8 0 7 0 0

Jefferson is "by far not so dangerous a man" as Burr; in short, I would

rather have someone with wrong principles than someone devoid of

any.[

TJ

HamiltonBurr

18031803 RESA Jefferson’s Presidency’s (15:37)

3. Supreme Court Case in 1803, Marbury vs. Madison:a. John Adams’ appointment of the “Mid-Night

Judges”.b. Jefferson takes over office with 42

appointments for judges made by former president Adams.

c. Problem occurred when one of the appointments, William Marbury, accuses the new Sec. Of State, James Madison, of not delivering the appointments.

d. Marbury took Madison to court.

Decision- Chief Justice John Marshall persuades the justices to rule that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was in conflict to the Constitution, therefore the Supreme Court could not rule on this case. The case established the principle of judicial review, that it judges the law.

Chief JusticeJohn Marshall

Associate JusticesWilliam Cushing · William Paterson

Samuel Chase · Bushrod WashingtonAlfred Moore

Marbury

Madison

Power to declare law UNCONSTITUTIONAL!Power to declare law UNCONSTITUTIONAL!

Section III Article 2 of

Constitution:States that Supreme Court has original

jurisdiction in “certain” cases…

Section III Article 2 of

Constitution:States that Supreme Court has original

jurisdiction in “certain” cases…

Section 13 of the

Judiciary Act of 1789 allows the Supreme

Court original

jurisdiction to hear the

Marbury vs.

Madison

Section 13 of the

Judiciary Act of 1789 allows the Supreme

Court original

jurisdiction to hear the

Marbury vs.

Madison

4. Expeditions open up new routes to the West. a. The “Discovery Expedition” led by

Meriwether Lewis and William Clark… Meriwether

Lewis

William Clark

Sacajawea

Traveling the Columbia

River

Fort Mandan Recreation

Fort Clatsop Replica (1955)

Crossing the Rocky Mountains

Keel Boat Replica

Clip Part 1 (8:53)Clip Part 1 (8:53)

Clip Part 2 (7:49)Clip Part 2 (7:49)

Lewis & Clark Song (3:31)

4b. The Louisiana Purchase: Napoleon Bonaparte, of France, gained control of the Louisiana Territory from Spain (Haiti Revolt significant to the sale…). Jefferson purchases the area, on behalf of the U.S., for $15 million. Constitution did not stipulate the president may purchase the land, Jefferson uses a loose interpretation (or implied powers) to purchase the land. The importance of the purchase was that it…

(1) Doubled the size of the U.S.(2) Allowed the U.S. to gain control of the Port of New Orleans.(3) Provided more mineral resources.(4) Allowed for the ability to settle the lands West of the Mississippi.

Haitian Revolt

NapoleonToussaint

L'OuvertureRobert

Livingston School House Rock: Elbow RoomSchool House Rock: Elbow Room

4c. Zebulon Pike’s expedition of the American southwest in 1805.

Pike’s Expedition is considered equal in importance to that of Lewis & Clark’s BUT of the American Southwest!

Pike’s Expedition is considered equal in importance to that of Lewis & Clark’s BUT of the American Southwest!