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1 BART BART Presentation Presentation AASHTO Trns•port Users Group AASHTO Trns•port Users Group 18 18 th th TEA/TUG Conference and TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL Workshop Daytona Beach, FL November 2 - 10, 2005 Ohio Department of Transportation Ohio Department of Transportation

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Page 1: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

1

BARTBART PresentationPresentation

AASHTO Trns•port Users Group  AASHTO Trns•port Users Group 

1818thth TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL Daytona Beach, FL

November 2 - 10, 2005

Ohio Department of TransportationOhio Department of Transportation

Page 2: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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What / Who is BART ?What / Who is BART ?

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 3: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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No, Wrong BART

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Don’t have a Cow Man !

ODOTNEWS

Page 4: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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BBidid AAnalysisnalysis R Revieweview TTeameam

The sharing of BART ideas and activities The sharing of BART ideas and activities with other agencies, departments and with other agencies, departments and

friends. friends.

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 5: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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BARTBARTBBidid A Analysisnalysis R Revieweview T Teameam

ODOT – Office of EstimatingODOT – Office of Estimating Jeff Hisem – AdministratorJeff Hisem – Administrator Three person diverse groupThree person diverse group

• Tim Pritchard Tim Pritchard • Michael GuckesMichael Guckes• David BuhnDavid Buhn

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 6: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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IntroductionIntroduction

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

“A Single Focused Mindset”

can be like a …

One Legged Stool

Page 7: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Where does BART sit ?Where does BART sit ?

Seat - DSS Seat - DSS (Decision Support System)(Decision Support System) The data & tools support and sustain the group’s The data & tools support and sustain the group’s

activitiesactivities Legs - ActivitiesLegs - Activities

Bid history productsBid history products Collusion and Questionable activity detectionCollusion and Questionable activity detection Market AnalysisMarket Analysis

Surface beneath the stoolSurface beneath the stool Activities exist upon an uneven & changing Activities exist upon an uneven & changing

foundation.foundation.BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 8: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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BBidid A Analysis nalysis RRevieweview T Teameam

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

DSSconnects to all activities

Bid

His

tory

Pro

duct

s

Collusion &

Questionable

Activity D

etection

Uneven & Changing Ground ODOT Environment

Market Analysis

Page 9: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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The SeatThe Seat DSS (Decision Support System) databaseDSS (Decision Support System) database

• Necessary on-going support activitiesNecessary on-going support activities1.1. Data is checked, re-checked, then checked againData is checked, re-checked, then checked again

i.i. Examples of data verificationExamples of data verification

a)a) Project coordinates Project coordinates

b)b) Missing rejected contract bid tabsMissing rejected contract bid tabs

c)c) Changing field definitions, i.e. spec changes, vendor idsChanging field definitions, i.e. spec changes, vendor ids

2.2. Update approved asphalt plant & aggregate pit infoUpdate approved asphalt plant & aggregate pit info

3.3. Vendor affiliate trackingVendor affiliate trackingi.i. Pre-qualification Pre-qualification

ii.ii. Asphalt / Aggregate inspections (QC) and approvalAsphalt / Aggregate inspections (QC) and approval

iii.iii. Use external sources i.e. ODNR, Associations, ContractorsUse external sources i.e. ODNR, Associations, Contractors

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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11stst Leg Leg

Bid History ProductsBid History Products• FHWA / PR45 Reports & FHWA Bridge Report FHWA / PR45 Reports & FHWA Bridge Report • Bid History Catalog for CES and EstimatorBid History Catalog for CES and Estimator• Historical Bid Data for EstimatingHistorical Bid Data for Estimating• Annual Report “Summary of Contracts Awarded”Annual Report “Summary of Contracts Awarded”• Requests for Information (Internal & External)Requests for Information (Internal & External)

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 11: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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FHWA / PR45 ReportsFHWA / PR45 Reports

Two Quarterly Reports for the FHWATwo Quarterly Reports for the FHWA• Projects on the NHS Projects on the NHS • Firstly, a hardcopy report that provides Firstly, a hardcopy report that provides

information and $’s bid from the three lowest information and $’s bid from the three lowest bidders for each project.bidders for each project.

• Secondly, a computerized Focus report that Secondly, a computerized Focus report that provides 1) $ split between pavement and bridge provides 1) $ split between pavement and bridge and 2) $ amounts associated with different and 2) $ amounts associated with different concerned commodities for each project.concerned commodities for each project.

1.1. i.e. Asphalt, Excavation, Rein. Steel, Structural Concrete i.e. Asphalt, Excavation, Rein. Steel, Structural Concrete

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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Annual Report for the FHWAAnnual Report for the FHWA Criteria for report:Criteria for report:

• Determine NHS bridges and Non-NHS bridgesDetermine NHS bridges and Non-NHS bridges• Only New bridge decks or removed bridge Only New bridge decks or removed bridge

decksdecks Provide Info:Provide Info:

• Type of bridgeType of bridge• Cost of bridge deck area (Sq Ft or Sq M)Cost of bridge deck area (Sq Ft or Sq M)• No. of SpansNo. of Spans• Special Conditions: i.e. locations, height, Special Conditions: i.e. locations, height,

complexity, etc. complexity, etc.

FHWA / Bridge ReportsFHWA / Bridge Reports

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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Catalogs for CES & EstimatorCatalogs for CES & Estimator• DSS HIREG createdDSS HIREG created• Built using weighted averages or Built using weighted averages or

regression estimatesregression estimates

Bid History CatalogsBid History Catalogs

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 14: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Historical Bid DataHistorical Bid Data

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Tool used by EstimatorsTool used by Estimators Select “Item of Work” and returns Select “Item of Work” and returns

following attributesfollowing attributes• Project NumberProject Number• County Route & SectionCounty Route & Section• TypeType• QuantityQuantity• Estimated PriceEstimated Price• Awarded BidAwarded Bid• Low BidLow Bid• High BidHigh Bid• Average BidAverage Bid

Page 15: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Historical Bid DataHistorical Bid Data

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 16: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Information RequestsInformation Requests

ExternalExternal• Contractors, OIG, AG, State Agencies, OTCContractors, OIG, AG, State Agencies, OTC• SAS, Excel Spreadsheets, Geomedia Maps SAS, Excel Spreadsheets, Geomedia Maps • Quantities, Avg Pricing, Worktypes, AreasQuantities, Avg Pricing, Worktypes, Areas

InternalInternal• Director, Construction, Accounting, FinanceDirector, Construction, Accounting, Finance• Presentations, Meetings, Projections/ForecastsPresentations, Meetings, Projections/Forecasts• Bundling, Asphalt Pricing, Aggregate Control,

Market Shares, Cost Indices

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 17: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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22nd nd LegLeg

Collusion & Questionable Activity DetectionCollusion & Questionable Activity Detection• Line Item Profiles (LIP’s)Line Item Profiles (LIP’s)• 80/20 Analysis80/20 Analysis• Asphalt AnalysisAsphalt Analysis

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 18: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Line Item ProfilesLine Item Profiles

A Tool used to determineA Tool used to determine• Unbalanced BidsUnbalanced Bids• Front- end Loading Front- end Loading • Complementary BiddingComplementary Bidding

ODOT’s current LIP methodODOT’s current LIP method• Plotting bid line itemsPlotting bid line items

1.1. Any bidder who’s bid $ amount (of each line item) is Any bidder who’s bid $ amount (of each line item) is => +/- 1% of the total estimate of the project=> +/- 1% of the total estimate of the project

• Sham Bids Sham Bids • Inaccurate Inaccurate

EstimatesEstimates

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 19: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Line Item ProfilesLine Item Profiles

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 20: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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80/20 Analysis80/20 Analysis

Collusion Pre-Test: Where to look Collusion Pre-Test: Where to look firstfirst

Technique:Technique:• Analysis by contract work-typeAnalysis by contract work-type

1.1. Select items of work that have 80% of $ in Select items of work that have 80% of $ in work-typework-type

2.2. Remove as-per-plan, lump sum, and eachRemove as-per-plan, lump sum, and each

3.3. Statistically standardize item price Statistically standardize item price information (Price Change/Distribution information (Price Change/Distribution Value) Value)

4.4. Compare different items of work Compare different items of work (apples to oranges)(apples to oranges)

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 21: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Blending Price Movement with Bidding Behavior

Compare the Compare the nature of the nature of the median price median price change by year.change by year.

Red flag items with Red flag items with “too much” price “too much” price change from year change from year to year for a given to year for a given price range.price range.

Method not effective for items with “each”, “lump sum” or other hard-to-measure units.

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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Asphalt AnalysisAsphalt Analysis

Track ownership changes from 2000 to Track ownership changes from 2000 to presentpresent• Record mergers and acquisitions among paving Record mergers and acquisitions among paving

firmsfirms• Changes in bidding behaviorChanges in bidding behavior• Ownership of approved asphalt mfg. facilitiesOwnership of approved asphalt mfg. facilities• Ownership of approved aggregates sourcesOwnership of approved aggregates sources

Search for collusion or other questionable Search for collusion or other questionable behaviorbehavior• Follow Info Tech methodologyFollow Info Tech methodology

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 23: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Page 24: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Vendor “B” 2001-8/2004 Wins and Losses

Page 25: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Page 26: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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B - contractor BG - contractor G J - contractor J K - contractor K S - contractor SS&S - contractor SSJV - joint ventureO - Other Vendors[R indicates a rejected bid]

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33rdrd Leg Leg

Market AnalysisMarket Analysis• ODOT Cost Index: “Basket of Goods” ApproachODOT Cost Index: “Basket of Goods” Approach• Asphalt Bundling ProjectAsphalt Bundling Project• OTC Bid AnalysisOTC Bid Analysis

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 28: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Asphalt Project Bundling Asphalt Project Bundling Scenario: A single owner gains market Scenario: A single owner gains market

control of Aggregate and/or Asphalt in a control of Aggregate and/or Asphalt in a specific areaspecific area

Strategy: promote more than a single bidStrategy: promote more than a single bid• Bundle (combine) similar Asphalt Projects in Bundle (combine) similar Asphalt Projects in

and around the market controlled areaand around the market controlled area1.1. Locate projects to bundle near competitive Locate projects to bundle near competitive

companies asphalt facilitiescompanies asphalt facilities2.2. Select projects in areas with different bidders Select projects in areas with different bidders 3.3. Cross boundaries i.e. district, countyCross boundaries i.e. district, county4.4. Increase size of project by $ value and/or quantity Increase size of project by $ value and/or quantity

for economies of scale for economies of scale

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 29: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Example of Asphalt Bundling

Group 5: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 22.5 mi apartEffective rad 22 mi from midpoint

Group 4: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 28.5 mi apartEffective rad 18.5 mi from midpoint

Group 3: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 32.75 mi apartEffective rad 25.5 mi from midpoint

Group 1: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 7.5 mi apartEffective rad 26 mi from midpoint

Group 2: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 27.80 mi apartEffective rad 17 mi from midpoint

Group 6: 30 mi radFurthest Projects 20.1 mi apartEffective rad 22 mi from midpoint

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Ohio DOT Cost IndexOhio DOT Cost Index Primary Question:Primary Question:

• How will inflation and market fluctuations affect How will inflation and market fluctuations affect future construction costs?future construction costs?

Develop an Index (FY01-FY05):Develop an Index (FY01-FY05):• Used bid data in DSS for analysis to create Used bid data in DSS for analysis to create

Laspeyres type index like Consumer Price IndexLaspeyres type index like Consumer Price Index• Selected largest expenditure items for each Selected largest expenditure items for each

commoditycommodityo ““Basket of Goods” Approach Basket of Goods” Approach

• Determined composite index for each commodity Determined composite index for each commodity “Basket”“Basket”

• Developed an overall ODOT composite cost index Developed an overall ODOT composite cost index of all the individual commodity indices of all the individual commodity indices

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

Page 31: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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Ohio DOT Cost Index GraphOhio DOT Cost Index Graph

123.6

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Maintenance of Traff ic Portland Cement Concrete PavementStructures including Maintenance Composite ODOT Construction Cost Index

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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Ohio DOT Cost Index (Table)Ohio DOT Cost Index (Table)

Page 33: 1 BART Presentation AASHTO Trnsport Users Group AASHTO Trnsport Users Group 18 th TEA/TUG Conference and Workshop Daytona Beach, FL 18 th TEA/TUG Conference

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OOhiohio T Turnpikeurnpike C Commission - ommission -

OTCOTC OTC:OTC:

• The OTC separate from ODOT (similar The OTC separate from ODOT (similar operations)operations)

• The Commission manages 241-mile toll The Commission manages 241-mile toll road spanning Northern Ohioroad spanning Northern Ohio

Project:Project:• Analyze each bid item within each OTC Analyze each bid item within each OTC

3-lane widening project3-lane widening project• To include all projects, bids, and itemsTo include all projects, bids, and items

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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(Cont’d)(Cont’d) O Ohiohio T Turnpikeurnpike C Commission - ommission -

OTCOTC BART:BART:

• Current work:Current work:1.1. Develop an item master of all OTC related Develop an item master of all OTC related

items items 2.2. Align pertinent data for useful future analyses Align pertinent data for useful future analyses 3.3. Download all OTC data into the DSS databaseDownload all OTC data into the DSS database

• Future work:Future work:1.1. Line Item Profiles – Analysis of bidding Line Item Profiles – Analysis of bidding

patterns of projectspatterns of projects2.2. Vendor Competition – Analysis of competitors Vendor Competition – Analysis of competitors

who bid on projects or why bidders did notwho bid on projects or why bidders did not3.3. Also, analysis of vendor markets, market Also, analysis of vendor markets, market

shares and price analysisshares and price analysis

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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The Surface…The Surface…Uneven & Changing GroundUneven & Changing Ground

Factors that influence BART Factors that influence BART activitiesactivities

• Today’s newspaper articlesToday’s newspaper articles• Tomorrow’s newspaper articlesTomorrow’s newspaper articles• Collusion found in neighboring statesCollusion found in neighboring states• Perceived inflation increasesPerceived inflation increases• Inter-office collaborationsInter-office collaborations

o Data availabilityData availabilityo Requests for informationRequests for information

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005

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Wrap UpWrap Up SummarySummary

DSS Database necessary starting pointDSS Database necessary starting point Multiple types of activities for Multiple types of activities for

sustainable teamsustainable team1.1. Collusion and Questionable Activity Collusion and Questionable Activity

DetectionDetection2.2. Bid History ProductsBid History Products3.3. Market AnalysisMarket Analysis

DiscussionDiscussion

BART- TEA/TUG Daytona November 2005