0224m - ppt2 - r2

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

1/82

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

2/82

Course: 0224M - Knowledge

Management

The Knowledge Management

Cycle and ModelsWeek 2

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

3/82

A little knowledge that acts isworth infnitely more than

much knowledge that is idle

Kahlil Gibran (18831931)

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

4/82

Bina Nusantara

Describe how valuable individual, rou! andorani"ational #nowlede is ca!tured, created,codi$ed, shared, a!!lied and reused throuhout the

#nowlede %anae%ent c&cle' o%!are and contrast %aor K* li+ec&cle %odels,includin the -ac#, Bu#owit" and .illia%s, *c/lro& and.ii li+ec&cle %odels'

De$ne the #e& ste!s in each !rocess o+ the K* c&cle

and !rocide concrete e0a%!les o+ each' denti+& the %aor challenes and bene$ts o+ each

!hase o+ the K* c&cle'

Describe how the interated K* c&cle co%bines theadvantae o+ other K* li+ec&cle %odels'

Learning Outcomes

2

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

5/82

Bina Nusantara

nderstand the #e& tenets o+ the %aor #nowlede%anae%ent thoretical %odels in use toda&'

4in# the K* +ra%ewor# to #e& K* conce!ts and the%aor !hases o+ the K* c&cle'

/0!lain the co%!le0 ada!tive s&ste% %odel o+ K* andhow it addresses the subective and d&na%ic o+ contentto be %anaed

Learning Outcomes (Cont.)

5

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

6/82

Bina Nusantara

Acknowledgement

These slides have been adapted fromDalkir !. ("#$$).Knowledge

Management in Theory and Practice.

The %&' ress. *A. &*+,- /01#"2"#$3#0#. (Chapter " and 4)

6

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

7/82

Bina Nusantara

7he *e&er and -ac# K* &cle

7he Bu#owit" and .illia%s K* &cle

7he *c/lro& K* &cle

7he .ii K* &cle

n nterated K* &cle

*ub Topics

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

8/82

*ub Topics (Cont.)

7he :on Kroh and ;oss *odel o+

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

9/82

The Knowledge

Management Cycle

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

10/82

Introduction KM Cycle

/>ective #nowlede %anae%ent re?uires anorani"ation to identi+&, enerate, ac?uire,di>use, and ca!ture the benets o! knowledgethat !rovide a strateic advantae to that

orani"ation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

11/82

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

12/82

The Meyer and .ack KM Cycle

7his a!!roach !rovides a nu%ber o+ use+ulanaloies, such as the notion o+ a !roduct

!lat+or%

(the #nowlede re!ositor&) and the in+or%ation!rocess !lat+or% (the #nowlede re$ner&) to

e%!hasi"e the notion o+ valueadded !rocessinre?uired in order to leverae the #nowlede o+ an

orani"ation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

13/82


$Cont) 7he K* c&cle consists !ri%aril& o+ creatin a hiher

valueadded knowledge #roductC at each stae o+#nowlede !rocessin'

or e0a%!le, a basic database %a& re!resent ane0a%!le o+ #nowlede that has been created' :aluecan then be added b& e0tractin trends +ro% this data'

7he oriinal in+or%ation has been re!ac#aed to

!rovide trend anal&ses that can serve as the basis +ordecision %a#in within the orani"ation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

14/82


$Cont) The repositorybeco%es the +oundation u!on which

a $r% creates its +a%il& o+ in+or%ation and #nowlede!roducts'

7his %eans that the greater the sco#e1 de#th1 andcom#leity1 the greater the 3eibility +or derivin!roducts and thus the reater the !otential variet&within the !roduct +a%il&'

=uch re!ositories o+ten +or% the $rst #ernel o+ anorganiational memory or cor#orate memory +orthe co%!an&'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

15/82

" sam#le re#ository !or a

railway administrationorganiation

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

16/82


$Cont) 7he *e&er and -ac# K* c&cle !rocesses are

co%!osed o+ the technoloies, +acilities, and!rocesses +or %anu+acturin !roducts and services'

*e&er and -ac# anal&"ed the %aor develo!%entalstaes o+ a #nowlede re!ositor& and %a!!ed thesestaes onto a K* c&cle'

7he staes areE ac?uisition, re$ne%ent,

storaeAretrieval, distribution, and !resentationAuse'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

17/82

The Maor 5tage Meyer and .ack

KM Cycle

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

18/82

The Maor 5tage Meyer and .ack KM

Cycle $Cont)

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

19/82

The ,ukowit and Williams KM

Cycle Bu#owit" and .illia%s (F) describe a#nowlede %anae%ent !rocess +ra%ewor# thatoutlines how orani"ations enerate, %aintainand de!lo& a strateicall& correct stoc# o+

#nowlede to create valueC

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

20/82


Cycle $Cont)n this +ra%ewor#, #nowlede consists o+E Knowlede re!ositories,

;elationshi!s,

n+or%ation technoloies,

o%%unications in+rastructure, unctional s#ill sets,

@rocess #nowhow,

/nviron%ental res!onsiveness,

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

21/82


Cycle $Cont) 7he get, learn, and contribute!hases are tactical innature' 7he& are triered b& %ar#etdriven o!!ortunitiesor de%ands, and the& t&!icall& result in da&toda& use o+#nowlede to res!ond to these de%ands'

7he assess, build6sustain, or di7est stages are %orestrateic, triered b& shi+ts in the %acro environ%ent'7hese staes +ocus on %ore lon rane !rocesses o+%atchin intellectual ca!ital to strateic re?uire%ents'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

22/82

The Mc*lroy KM Cycle

*c/lro& (1999) describes a #nowlede li+e c&clethat consists o+ the !rocesses o+ #nowlede!roduction and #nowlede interation, with a

series o+ +eedbac# loo!s to orani"ational%e%or&, belie+s, and clai%s and the business!rocessin environ%ent'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

23/82

The Mc*lroy KM Cycle $Cont)

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

24/82

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

25/82


n #nowlede !roduction, the #e& !rocesses areindividual and rou! learninH #nowlede clai%+or%ulationH in+or%ation ac?uisitionH codi$ed

#nowlede clai%H and #nowlede clai%

evaluation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

26/82


Knowlede is in+or%ation until it is validated'Knowlede clai% validation involves codi$cationat an orani"ational level' +or%ali"ed !rocedureis re?uired +or the recei!t and codi$cation o+

individual and rou! innovations'

Bina Nusantara

Knowledge Claim

Evaluation Process

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

27/82


Knowlede interation is the !rocess b& which anorani"ation introduces new #nowlede clai%s toits o!eratin environ%ent and retires old ones'

7his includes all #nowlede trans%ission such asteachin, #nowlede sharin, and other socialactivities that either co%%unicate anunderstandin o+ !reviousl& !roduced

orani"ational #nowlede to #nowlede wor#ersor interate newl& %inted #nowlede'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

28/82


Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

29/82

The Wiig KM Cycle

.ii (1993) +ocuses on the three conditions thatneed to be !resent +or an orani"ation to conductits business success+ull&E

t %ust have a business (!roductsAservices) andcusto%ersH

t %ust have resources (!eo!le, ca!ital, and+acilities)H and

t %ust have the abilit& to act'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

30/82

The Wiig KM Cycle $Cont)

Knowlede is the !rinci!al +orce that deter%ines anddrives the abilit& to act intellientl&'

.ith i%!roved #nowlede we #now better what to do and

how to do it' .ii identi$es the %aor !ur!ose o+ K* as ane>ort

to %a#e the enter!rise intellientactin b& +acilitatin thecreation, cu%ulation Isic], de!lo&%ent and use o+ ?ualit&

#nowledeC (!' 39)'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

31/82


Bina Nusantara

The cycle focuses on identifying and relating the functions

and activities that

we engage in to make products and services as knowledge

workers.

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

32/82


Buildin #nowlede re+ers to activities ranin +ro%%ar#et research to +ocus rou!s, surve&s, co%!etitiveintellience, and data %inin a!!lications' Buildin#nowlede consists o+ $ve %aor activitiesE

1'

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

33/82


Knowledge creation %a& occur throuh ;JD!roects, innovations b& individuals to i%!rove the wa&

the& !er+or% their tas#s, e0!eri%entation, reasoninwith e0istin #nowlede, and hirin o+ new !eo!le'

Knowlede %a& also be created throuh #nowlede

i%!ortin (e'', elicit #nowlede +ro% e0!erts and +ro%!rocedure %anuals, enae in oint ventures to obtaintechnolo&, or trans+er !eo!le between de!art%ents)'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

34/82

The Wiig KM Cycle $Cont) Knowlede %a& be created throuh observin the real world (e'',

%a#in site visits, observin !rocesses a+ter the introduction o+ achane)'

Knowlede is orani"ed +or s!eci$c uses and accordin to an

established orani"ational +ra%ewor# (such as standards andcateories)'

/0a%!les include a hel! des# service or a list o+ +re?uentl& as#ed?uestions (s) on the co%!an& intranet' 7his orani"ation isusuall& done usin so%e +or% o+ #nowlede ontolo& (conce!tual

%odel) and ta0ono%& (classi$cation rules)'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

35/82


Knowlede anal&sis consists o+E /0tractin what a!!ears to be #nowlede +ro% obtained %aterial

(e'', anal&"e transcri!ts and identi+& the%es, listen to ane0!lanation, and select conce!ts +or +urther consideration)'

bstractin e0tracted %aterials (e'', +or% a %odel or a theor&)'

denti+&in !atterns e0tracted (e'', trend anal&sis)'

/0!lainin relations between #nowlede +ra%ents (e'', co%!areand contrast, causal relations)'

:eri+&in that e0tracted %aterials corres!ond to the %eanin o+oriinal sources (e'', %eanin has not been corru!ted throuh

su%%ari"in, collatin, and so on)'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

36/82


Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

37/82

"n Integrated KM Cycle

Bina Nusantara

A synthesis of the proceeding steps from the four approaches to a KM Cycle

Meyer and.ack

$%&&&)

,ukowitand

Williams$2000)

Mc*lroy$%&&&)

Wiig$%&&()

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

38/82

"n Integrated KM Cycle $Cont)

Bina Nusantara

Table represents amalgamation of the major KM Cycle steps that each of the

four approaches had in common.

5te#s in Common 5te# added by

1' Knowlede ca!ture

F' Knowlede creation Fa' Knowledecontribution

Bu#owit" and .illia%s (F)

Fb' Knowlede $lterinand

selection


3' Knowlede codi$cation

3a' Knowledere$ne%ent

*e&er and -ac# (1999)H Bu#owit"and .illia%s (F)

2' Knowlede sharin

5' Knowlede ccess

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

39/82


Bina Nusantara

Table represents amalgamation of the major KM Cycle steps that each of the

four approaches had in common.

5te#s in Common 5te# added by

6' Knowlede ca!ture

6a' Knowledeevaluation

*c/lro& (1999)H Bu#owit" and.illia%s (F)

' Knowlede reuse

a' Knowlede reuseand

divest%ent


7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

40/82


7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

41/82

The Knowledge

Management Model

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

42/82

Introduction KM Models ll the K* %odels !resented in this to!ic atte%!t to

address #nowlede %anae%ent +ro% a holistic andco%!rehensive !ers!ective'

Nona#a and 7a#euchi (1995) !rovide a %ore !hiloso!hicaldistinction, startin +ro% the traditional de$nition o+#nowlede as usti$ed true belie+'C 7he& de$ne#nowlede as a d&na%ic hu%an !rocess o+ usti+&in!ersonal belie+

toward the truthC

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

43/82

M"89+ T*9+*TIC"; KM M9

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

44/82

The von Krogh and Roos Model of

Organizational Epistemology 7he von Kroh and ;oos K* %odel (1995) distinuishes between

individual #nowlede and social #nowlede, and the& ta#e ane!iste%oloical a!!roach to %anain orani"ational #nowledeE theorani"ational e!iste%olo& K* %odel'

nu%ber o+ issues %ust be addressedE

Low and wh& individuals within an orani"ation co%e to #now'

Low and wh& orani"ations, as social entities, co%e to #now'

.hat counts +or #nowlede o+ the individual and the orani"ation'

.hat are the i%!edi%ents in orani"ational K*'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

45/82

The von Krogh and Roos Model of

Organizational Epistemology(Cont.) :on Kroh and ;oos ado!t the connectionist

a!!roach' n their orani"ational e!iste%olo& K*

%odel, #nowlede resides both in the individualso+ an orani"ation and, at the social level, in therelations between the individuals'

Knowlede is said to be e%bodiedCH that is,

ever&thin #nown is #nown b& so%ebod&C (vonKroh and ;oos, 1995, !' 5)'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

46/82

The Nonaka and Take!hi

Kno"ledge #piral Model Nona#a and 7a#euchi (1995) studied the success o+

Ma!anese co%!anies in achievin creativit& and innovation'7he& ?uic#l& +ound that it was +ar +ro% a %echanistic!rocessin o+ obective #nowlede'

nstead, the& discovered that orani"ational innovationo+ten ste%%ed +ro% hihl& subective insihts that can bestbe described in the +or% o+ %eta!hors, sloans, or s&%bols'

7he Nona#a and 7a#euchi %odel o+ K* has its roots in a

holistic %odel o+ #nowlede creation and the %anae%ento+ serendi!it&'C

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

47/82

The Nonaka and Take!hiKno"ledge #piral Model (Cont.)Knowlede creation alwa&s beins with the individual'

or /0a%!leE

brilliant researcher has an insiht that ulti%atel& leadsto a !atent

%iddle %anaer has an intuition about %ar#et trendsthat beco%es the catal&st +or an i%!ortant new !roductconce!t'

sho! oor wor#er draws u!on &ears o+ e0!erience toco%e u! with a !rocess innovation that saves theco%!an& %illions o+ dollars

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

48/82

The Nonaka and Take!hiKno"ledge #piral Model (Cont.)

n each o+ these scenarios, an individualOs!ersonal, !rivate #nowlede (!redo%inatel& tacit

in nature) is translated into valuable, !ublicorani"ational #nowlede'

*a#in !ersonal #nowlede available to others inthe co%!an& is at the core o+ this K* %odel'

7his t&!e o+ #nowlede creation !rocess ta#es!lace continuousl& and occurs at all levels o+ theorani"ation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

49/82

The Nonaka and Take!hiKno"ledge #piral Model (Cont.)

ccordin to Nona#a and 7a#euchi, there are +our %odes o+#nowlede conversion'

7here are +our %odes o+ #nowlede conversion, asillustrated in the ne0t slideE

1' ro% tacit #nowlede to tacit #nowledeE the !rocess o+ socialization.

F' ro% tacit #nowlede to e0!licit #nowledeE the !rocess o+externalization.

3' ro% e0!licit #nowlede to e0!licit #nowledeE the !rocess o+combination.

2' ro% e0!licit #nowlede to tacit #nowledeE the !rocess o+

internalization.

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

50/82


Kno"ledge#piral Model

Bina Nusantara

Source: Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995, p. 62.

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

51/82


Kno"ledge#piral Model (Cont.)K=9W;** 5?I+";

Knowlede creation is not a se?uential !rocess' ;ather, itde!ends on a continuous and d&na%ic interaction between tacit

and e0!licit #nowlede throuhout the +our ?uadrants' 7he #nowlede s!iral shows how orani"atins articulate, orani"e

and s&ste%ati"e individual tacit #nowlede'

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

52/82


Kno"ledge#piral Model (Cont.)

Bina Nusantara

Source: Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995, p. 71.

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

53/82

The Choo #ense$making KM Model

7he hoo K* %odel +ocuses on how in+or%ationele%ents are selected and subse?uentl& +ed intoorani"ational actions'

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

54/82

The Choo #ense$making KM Model

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

55/82

The %iig Model for &ilding and

'sing Kno"ledge

.ii (1993) a!!roached his K* %odel with the+ollowin !rinci!leE in order +or #nowlede to be use+ul

and valuable, it %ust be orani"ed' Knowlede should be orani"ed di>erentl& de!endin

on what use will be %ade o+ the #nowlede'

Knowlede orani"ed within a se%antic networ# canbe accessed and retrieved usin %ulti!leentr& !aths

that %a! onto di>erent #nowlede tas#s to beco%!leted'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

56/82


'sing Kno"ledge (Cont.)=o%e use+ul di%ensions to consider in .iiOs K* %odel

includeE

o%!leteness,

onnectedness,

onruenc&, and

@ers!ective and !ur!ose'

Semantic networks are useful ways of representing different perspectives on thesame knowledge content. Figures at the next slide present examples of different

perspectives on the same knowledge object (car using semantic networks.

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

57/82


'sing Kno"ledge (Cont.)

Lih level (

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

58/82



Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

59/82



Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

60/82



Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

61/82



Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

62/82


'sing Kno"ledge (Cont.) .iiOs K* %odel oes on to de$ne di>erent levels

o+ internali"ation o+ #nowlede' .iiOs a!!roachcan be seen as a +urther re$ne%ent o+ Nona#a

and 7a#euchiOs +ourth ?uadrant, internali"ation'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

63/82


'sing Kno"ledge (Cont.) 7he three +or%s o+ #nowlede and the +our t&!es

o+ #nowlede co%bine to &ield a K* %atri0 that+or%s the basis o+ the .ii K* %odel

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

64/82


'sing Kno"ledge (Cont.) .ii (1993) !ro!oses a hierarch& o+ #nowlede

that consists o+ !ublic, shared, and !ersonal#nowlede +or%s'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

65/82

The &oisot $#pa!e KM Model

7he Boisot K* %odel is based on the #e& conce!t o+ anin+or%ation oodC that di>ers +ro% a !h&sical asset'

Boisot distinuishes in+or%ation +ro% data b& e%!hasi"in

that in+or%ation is what an observer will e0tract +ro% dataas a +unction o+ his or her e0!ectations orprior knowledge.

Boisot (1998) !ro!oses the +ollowin two #e& !ointsE

1' 7he %ore easil& data can be structured and converted intoin+or%ation, the %ore di>usible it beco%es'

F' 7he less data that has been so structured re?uires a sharedconte0t +or its di>usion, the %ore di>usible it beco%es'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

66/82


(Cont.) 7oether, the& under!in a si%!le conce!tual +ra%ewor#,

the n+or%ation =!ace or =!ace K* %odel'

Data is structured and understood throuh the !rocesses o+

codi$cation and abstraction' 7he =!ace %odel can be visuali"ed as a threedi%ensional

cube with the +ollowin di%ensions (see iure at the ne0tslide)E

(1)odi$edPuncodi$edH

(F)bstractP concreteH and

(3)Di>usedPundi>used

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

67/82


Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

68/82


(Cont.) 7he activities o+ codin, abstractin, di>usin,

absorbin, i%!actin, and scannin all contributeto learnin'

.here the& ta#e !lace in se?uence and toso%e e0tent the& %ust toether the& %a#e u!the si0 !hases o+ a social learnin c&cle (=4)'

=ee 7able in the ne0t slide'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

69/82


(Cont.)

Bina Nusantara

?hase =ame

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

70/82


(Cont.)

Bina Nusantara

?hase =ame usion =harin the newl& created insihts with ataret !o!ulation' 7he di>usion o+ well

codi$ed and abstract data to a lare!o!ulation will be technicall& less!roble%atic than that o+ data which isuncodi$ed and conte0ts!eci$c' usion o+ uncodi$ed

dataH the !robabilit& o+ a shared conte0t is

The ocial !earning Cycle in "oisot#s $%pace KM Model

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

71/82


(Cont.)

Bina Nusantara

?hase =ame erent situations in a learnin b& doinC

or a learnin b& usinC +ashion'

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

72/82

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

73/82

Comple *daptive #ystem Models

of KM (Cont.)

7he #e& !rocesses in the = K* %odel can besu%%ari"ed asE

1' nderstandin'F' reatin new ideas'

3' =olvin !roble%s'

2' *a#in decisions'

5' 7a#in actions to achieve desired results'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

74/82


of KM (Cont.) 7o survive and success+ull& co%!ete, an orani"ation alsore?uires eiht e%erent characteristics, accordin to this %odelE

(1)

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

75/82


of KM (Cont.) n e%erent characteristic is the result o+ nonlinearinteractions, s&neristic interactions, and sel+orani"in

s&ste%s'

7he = K* %odel +ollows alon the lines o+ the othera!!roaches in that it is connectionist and holistic in nature'

7he e%erent = characteristics are outlined in iurebelow'

7hese e%erent !ro!erties serve to endow theorani"ation with the internal ca!abilit& to deal with the

+uture unantici!ated environ%ents &et to be encountered'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

76/82

9@*+@I*W 9A T* IC"5 M9

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

77/82

The *uro#ean Aoundation !orBuality Management $*ABM) KM

Model 7he /* %odel (Bhatt F, F1, FF) loo#s

at the wa& in which #nowlede %anae%ent isused to attain the oal o+ an orani"ation'

7his %odel is based on traditional %odels o+?ualit& and e0cellence, so there are ver& stronlin#s between K* !rocesses and e0!ectedorani"ational results'

n $ure on the ne0t slide shows the %aorco%!onents o+ the /* K* %odel'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

78/82

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

79/82

The Inukshuk KM Model

7he nu#shu# K* %ode# (Girard, F5) was develo!ed tohel! anadian overn%ent de!art%ents to better %anaetheir #nowlede'

7his %odel was develo!ed b& both reviewin e0istin %aor%odels to e0tract $ve #e& enablers (technolo&, leadershi!,

culture, %easure%ent, and !rocess) and b& conductin?uantitative research to validate these enablers'

7he na%e nu#shu# is derived +ro% the hu%ansha!ed$ures built b& !ilin stones on one another b& the nuit inthe northern !art o+ anada to serve as naviational aids'

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

80/82

The Inukshuk KM Model $Cont)

7here were three %ain reasons +or choosin this s&%bol tore!resent K*E

tOs well reconi"ed in anada'

t e%!hasi"es the #e& role !la&ed b& !eo!le in K*'

ll inu#shu# are si%ilar the& are not identical, reectinthe variations in K* i%!le%ented in di>erent orani"ations'

iure on the ne0t slide de!icts the %aor co%!onents o+ thenu#shu# K* %odel

Bina Nusantara

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

81/82

The Inukshuk KM Model $Cont)

Bina Nusantara

M*"5+*M*=T

Tacit Knowledge*#licit

Knowledge

5ocialiation*ternaliati

on

Internaliation

Combination

;*"D C;T+*

7/18/2019 0224M - PPT2 - R2

82/82

0224m - ppt2 - r2

Documents