Journal 11/6

Write down anything you already know about Ancient Greece?

Date/Copy/Answer You will need a book today!!!

Journal 11/7

How has the geography affected ancient Greece?

Copy/Date/Answer Books!!!!

Turn to page 101. Look at the list of main events that we

will learn about in the next unit. Select two of the main events that you

would really like to know more about and write down at least two questions for each.

We will take time after the unit to go back and see if we answered your questions.

Work on your assessment for unit 2. Get together with your partners if needed Use your notes and the textbook for help Ask for a pass to get a laptop for research if

you chose the presentation or the essay.

Journal 11/10

Why does conflict occur between civilizations?

Copy/Date/Answer

SPARTA VS. ATHENSCh. 5 Sec. 3

The Geography

Sparta Located on the

Peloponnesus In a valley Isolated and

mountainous

Athens Located on the Attic

Peninsula One of the least fertile

areas in Greece Turned to the sea and

many became sea traders

Built on the hill, or the acropolis

Spartan Military

The Peloponnesus was invaded and conquered by foreigners. Forced people to work for them, Helots.

Conquered the capital, Sparta. Spartans controlled the lives of their citizens from birth to death.

Every adult male a member of the military. Military worked to control Helots and expand Spartan power.

Spartan fighting men began at birth. Newborns were examined and those who were not healthy

were left to die. At 7, boys went to live in military barracks. 18-20 they trained specifically for war. Began military service at 20 and could now marry but not live

at home until they were 30 years old. Not allowed to engage in trade or business Stayed in the military until they were 60.

Athenian Military

The Athenian trireme allowed the navy to protect the Athenian way of life.

Athenians were more focused on philosophy, art, architecture, and drama.

Sparta’s Social Structure

A highly militarized society made up of 3 social classes:1. Equals – descendants of the invaders

Controlled the city-states Land divided equally among them and their families Given helots to work their land

2. Half-Citizens They were free, paid taxes, and served in the army Held no political power Some farmed, others lived in town and worked in trade and industry Some even were rich

3. Helots – conquered people that became slaves Spartans decided how they should work and live However, they outnumbered the Spartans Spartans had to use force to control them – one reason why they

developed a military society Were systematically terrorized by the Spartans to keep them from

rebelling

Women’s Roles

Spartans Wives and mothers

had to be strong and healthy

Strict physical training Taught to be devoted

to the city-state Controlled home and

land while husbands were fighting

“Come back with your shield, or on it.”

Athenians Isolated in the home Not educated No rights Responsible for

handicrafts and textiles

Education

Sparta Military school for boys at age 7. Lived in barracks until the age of

30. Girls learned athletics

Athens Boys learned mathematics,

reading, writing, poetry, music, gymnastics

No formal education for girls

Spartan Government

Two Kings One led the army while the other took care of matters

at home. Council of Elders – 28 male citizens above 60

Wealthy, aristocratic men Proposed laws and served as a criminal court

An assembly – all male citizens over 30 years old Voted to accept or reject proposed laws by the council. Elected 5 ephors (made sure king stayed within the

law) for one year-terms. Complete control over education of young Spartans.

Athenian Government

Monarchy > Aristocratic gov’t Draco (an archon) wrote down the 1st written law

code in the 600’s B.C. Very strict and harsh – why harsh laws are called

draconian law. Citizens being sold into slavery to pay their debts

Later, an archon named Solon, settled the debts and disputes between creditors and debtors by erasing the debt of the poor and outlawing slavery for debt.

Solon divided citizens into four groups based on wealth. The two richest could hold public office His changes did not solve Athens problems.

Athens – Birthplace of Democracy

In about 507 B.C., Cleisthenes took control and turned Athens into a democracy. 1st divided citizens into 10 tribes. Each tribe chose 50 men to be part of the

council of 500. Served for only one year terms.

Proposed laws to the assembly. Courts became more democratic with jurors for

which each man could plead his case. Direct democracy – all citizens

participated directly in making decisions.

Achievements

Sparta Military

contributions The phalanx –

standing or moving together as a unit

Training and fighting styles

Athens Philosophy, art,

drama, architecture, drama

Democracy

Quick Write

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each city-state.

Write about which one you would have preferred to be a member of.

Use the information you learned about each to back up your reasoning.

Consider the fact that you are either a young male or female.

Travel Brochure

Assessment of the travel brochures, posters, or real estate ads should be based on the following criteria The product should demonstrate student's

knowledge of a city-state in terms of its strengths and weaknesses (including its cultural activities, recreation, athletics, architecture, famous sites, school system, accommodation, transport, food, etc.);

Be complete in terms of the requested information (map, advantages or selling points, and optional travel alert)

Be visually attractive and convey a message