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Please do not write on this test!

End-of-the-Year Social Studies Exam

1. What movement started the decline of the absolute rule of monarchs in Europe during the 1700’s? a) Industrial Revolutionb) Spanish Inquisitionc) Feudalismd) The Enlightenment

2. Where did Christopher Columbus explore?a. Africab. Caribbeanc. Asiad. North America

3. What does the term “circumnavigate” mean?a. To go aroundb. To travel throughc. To sail aroundd. To measure the perimeter

4. What does this map illustrate? a) Slave Tradeb) Triangular Tradec) Columbian Exchanged) Global Geography


1492 - Columbus Reaches the Americas1519 - Spain conquers the Aztec empire.

1532- Spanish import the first African slaves to the Americas.1532 - Conquest of Peru begins1545- New World colonies become highly profitable when silver is discovered in South America

2. How would you describe the relationship between the Spanish and the Native Americans? a) The Spanish worked with the nativesb) The Spanish dominated the nativesc) The Spanish traded with the nativesd) The Spanish were concerned about the natives

3. What was the most valuable resource to Spain in the New World? a) Landb) Laborc) Goldd) Christianity

Know ye that. . . we give and grant to our trust [to] Walter Raleigh,… free liberty and license …to discover, search, find out, and view such remote, heathen and barbarous lands, countries, and territories, not actually possessed of any Christian Prince, nor inhabited by Christian People. . . . Shall seem good, and the same to have, hold occupy and enjoy to him. . . . Forever, with all prerogatives, -Charter from Queen Elizabeth to Sir Walter Raleigh, March 25, 1584

4. Which of the following is the most accurate summary of this passage? a) The Queen of England gave Walter Raleigh the right to claim and colonize land.b) Walter Raleigh wrote to tell the Queen that she should rule England, France, and Ireland.c) The Queen of England was warning Walter Raleigh about the dangers of the New World.d) Walter Raleigh was describing why the Queen should allow him to colonize in the New World.

5. What land is Raleigh not allowed to colonize? a) Barbarous lands.b) Land ruled by Christians.c) Land ruled by heathens.d) Remote inhabited land.

6. Vasco de Gama became the ambassador to which country?a. South Africab. Englandc. Indiad. Brazil


Describing what happens when people go from being uncivilized to becoming part of a society: Then only…does man, who so far had considered only himself, [is forced] to consult his reason before listening to his inclinations. … [I]nstead of a stupid and unimaginative animal, made him an intelligent being and a man. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract (1762)

7. What does Rousseau believe happens to a man when he becomes part of society? a) He is unhappy animalb) He is smart and rational manc) He does not change at alld) He goes back to living by instinct only

The state of monarchy is the [best] thing upon earth; for kings are not only God’s lieutenants upon earth, and sit upon God’s throne, but even by God Himself they are called gods... Kings justly gods, for they exercise a... divine power upon earth…-King James IV/I of Britain, 1609

8. This passage describes the idea of... a) Divine right. b) Democracy. c) Marxism. d) Totalitarianism.

9. Which historical era is most closely associated with this passage? a) Age of Renaissance b) Age of Enlightenment c) Age of Imperialism d) Age of Absolutism

10. When was the Magna Carta created? a. 1492b. 1215c. 1999d. 1960

“...Political power is that power [which man]…has given up…to [protect] the member of that society in their lives, liberties, and possessions; and so cannot be absolute, arbitrary power over their lives and fortunes...” - John Locke

11. Based on this document, what is the reason for political power? a) to strengthen the idea that power should be with the people b) to enforce the belief in the divine right of kings c) to allow the natural born leaders to rule over society d) to allow the government to preserve and protect the society


12. What does Locke say political power cannot be? a) a democracy b) absolute c) a constitutional monarchy d) corrupt

13. This movement of goods, resources, and people across the Atlantic Ocean is known as the… a) Columbian Exchange. b) Age of Enlightenment. c) Industrial Revolution. d) Middle Passage.

14. Which was a major result of the French Revolution?a) The king was restored to unlimited power. b) The clergy dominated the government. c) The middle class gained political influence. d) The tax burden was carried by the lower class.

Use the following two primary sources to connect the American Revolution and French Revolution:

“The aim of every political association is the preservation of liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression.” –Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen 1789

“all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.” –Declaration of Independence 1776


15. Based on the quotes above what would the American and French Revolutionaries agree is the role of government?

a) to create laws to govern the peopleb) to protect the rights of the peoplec) to enforce laws across the nationd) to control everything in the nation

“… Suspending law….by regal [royal] authority without consent of Parliament is illegal.”-English Bill of Rights, 1689

16. Which form of government does the quotation support?a) constitutional monarchyb) dictatorshipc) theocracyd) communism

17. According to the chart, which class suffered the most executions in the French Revolution?a) Middle Classb) Working classc) Peasantsd) Nobility


18. One cause of World War I was…a) An end to the policies of militarism and imperialism.b) The spread of communism throughout Europe.c) A complex series of international alliances.d) The refusal of the United States to defend Germany.

19. What was the “spark” that started World War One?a. Hitler was elected Chancellorb. Japan attacked Pearl Harborc. Germany attacked Polandd. The Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated

20. Besides ending WWI, one effect of the Treaty of Versailles was…a) The United States’ new position as a global political leader.b) The punishment of Germany led to a rise in fascism. c) The rebuilding of a stable German economy.d) The creation of a politically unified Europe.

21. The extreme nationalistic and authoritarian style of government seen in Italy during WWII was identified as:

a) Socialism.b) Nazism.c) Militarism.d) Fascism.

22. Which of the following was NOT a leader during World War 2?a. Herbert Hooverb. General Tojoc. Joseph Stalind. Adolf Hitler

23. During the Great Depression, Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini came to power by convincing their followers that they would…

a) Maintain the peace between European nations.b) Limit the growth of the military and its influence.c) Return their nations to their former superiority.d) Redistribute wealth among the working class.


24. Which of the following was NOT used in the First World War?a. Trench warfareb. Flamethrowersc. Poisonous gasesd. Missiles

25. The League of Nations was formed following: a) The Industrial Revolution.b) The French Revolution.c) World War I.d) World War II.

26. What was a major reason why the US decided to drop atom bombs on Japan? a) Invasion of Japan would have resulted in more death than the bombs.b) Japan had also developed atom bombs and was about to use them against the US.c) The entire US navy had been sunk at Pearl Harbor and they wanted quick revenge.d) The United States was running out of conventional bombs to use in the Pacific.


27. What is the significance of the difference in size between the baby and the three headed giant that represents the Axis Powers?

a) It is showing how hard it would be for the smaller Axis to defeat the larger Allies.b) It is giving a sense of hopelessness and defeat for the cause of the Allies. c) It is showing that 1942 has just begun, but it is the beginning of the end for the Axis. d) It is pointing out that the countries forming the Allies used weaker weapons.

28. How does the cartoon predict that the war will end? a) The Axis powers will be successful and will win the war. b) The Allies will develop better technology as the war goes on. c) The Allies will eventually win in the war as 1942 goes on.d) The Axis powers will fight amongst themselves all year.

29. After WWII, western nations formed NATO to combat the spread of communism. What alliance did the Soviet Union form as a result of this action?

a) Warsaw Pactb) Treaty of Versaillesc) Wilson’s Fourteen Pointsd) The Axis Powers

30. Which best explains the meaning of “Cold War” after WWII? a) A war fought in the arctic.b) A war fought at high altitudes.c) A war of words, with no actual fighting.d) A war with an agreed upon end date.

31. Which event ended in the 1970s and was considered a “loss” or “failure” by the United States?a. Vietnam Warb. Korean Warc. Cold Ward. Civil Rights Movement

32. The Korean War ended with a cease-fire on which parallel?a. 17th b. 21st

c. 38th

d. 50th


33. This term is used when countries compete to create more weapons than the other. a) Space Raceb) Industrializationc) Factoriesd) Arms Race

34. Which group fought for North Vietnam, but was located in the South? a. Vietcongb. Vietminhc. Guerilla soldiersd. Nazi soldiers

…on the 11th day of this month, I shall proceed …to disregard the provisions of the salt laws. I regard this tax to be the most [unfair] of all from the poor man's standpoint.… The wonder is that we have submitted to the cruel monopoly for so long. It is, I know, open to you to frustrate my [plan] by arresting me. I hope that there will be tens of thousands ready in a disciplined manner, to take up the work after me, and in the act of disobeying the Salt Act to lay themselves open to the penalties of a law that should never disfigured the Statute book.M.K. Gandhi in a letter to the British Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin

35. What does Gandhi plan to do “on the 11th day of this month”? a) Break the salt laws.b) Pay his salt taxes.c) Start a movement.d) Get arrested.


36. What is the most likely setting of cartoon? a) East Asiab) Northern Europec) Southern North Americad) Central Africa

37. What is the message of the cartoon? a) Child soldiers are very destructive to a region.b) Child soldiers are make an effective army.c) Child soldiers do not grow up in a healthy way.d) Child soldiers can’t even afford proper clothes.


Apartheid Timeline1948 - First apartheid laws are passed after the 1948 general election. 1952 - The African National Congress starts the Defiance Campaign. 1953 - The Bantu Education Act created separate black/white schools. 1959 - Separate homelands are created for the major black groups. 1960 - Sixty-nine protesters are killed in the Sharpeville Massacre. 1962 - Nelson Mandela is arrested for treason, sentenced to life in prison.1974 - South Africa is expelled from the United Nations.1976 - More than 600 students are killed in the Soweto Massacre. 1985 - Musicians around the world form Artists United against Apartheid. 1990 - President Frederik Willem de Klerk ends the ban on the African National

Congress. Mandela is released from prison.1994 - Nelson Mandela becomes president of South Africa.

38. What caused apartheid to end? a) The Bantu Education Act was passed and it made things equal.b) Struggle and protest combined with support internationally.c) President de Klerk ended it because he felt it was the right thing to do.d) Nelson Mandela travelled the world to let people know what was going on.

39. When did apartheid become the law of South Africa?a) In ancient tribal times.b) During Dutch rule.c) Post-World War 2.d) Towards the end of the Cold War.

40. Which leader helped stop racial discrimination in India?a. Nelson Mandelab. Martin Luther King Jr.c. Mahatma Gandhid. Malcolm X

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