It all starts with Washington

It all starts with Washington

11789GW PresidentJohn Adams VPCabinet Hamilton: TreasuryJefferson: State

2Congress takes actionSet up Judicial SystemSupremeCircuitDistrictMadisons promiseAmending the Constitution2/3 both houses2/3 state conventions of states must say yes

3The Bill of RightsIbasic freedomsII-IVrelated to struggle w/GBV-VIII protection of the accusedIX-Xlimit govts power1791 ratified4Washingtons PresidencyFew guidelinesPrecedent settingRespect for officeStay out of day-day political battles2 termsgives up power again

5Hamilton vs. Jefferson

6Political PartiesHamiltons FederalistsJeffersons Dem-RepublicansWealthy elitesSupportersCommon manNorth EastLocationSouth/WestBusiness/tradeEconomicsFarmersPro-NationalBankPro-stateLoose interp.ConstitutionStrict interp.Pro-BritishForeign PolicyPro-FrenchPro-protectiveTariff/TaxesAnti-protect./lowCentralPowerDiffuse to states7The EconomyDebtNational govt. assumptionBonds

BankPurposeConstitutionality fightLoose vs. strict interpretationNecessary and proper8The Compromise

9Tariffs and TaxesRevenueNorth vs. SouthProtection of businessWhiskey Rebellion

10Foreign Policy

1789 RevolutionJefferson pro-Fr.Brothers in revolutionHamilton pro-GB#1 trading partnerWar Neutrality Proclamation 1793 sets precedent

11Issue splits Hamilton and Jefferson to a point of total separation. Jefferson will soon resign from the Sec of State positionGB declares it will seize our ships heading to FranceJays Treaty GB getsUS getsUS neutralityBrit troops leaveMost favored tradereparationsFr cannot use US portstrade w/Brit W. IndiesUS pay off old debtsPinchneys TreatySpain forced to act due to Jays Treaty31st parallel = boundary in southFree navigation of Mississippi RiverRight of deposit of goods in New OrleansPromise to stop agitating Native AmericansHis FarewellKeep out of European affairsNo entangling alliancesConcentrate on the homefrontTrade with the worldDo not encourage political partiesToo late, 1796 election saw Federalist John Adams take on Dem-Republican Thomas Jefferson14Foreign Policy post-GWFederalist butNeutral like GWProblems with FranceX,Y,Z AffairQuasi warGets to build navyCentralizing power

15Alien and Sedition ActsAlien limited libety of aliensNaturalization Act5-14 years to become a citizenAlien Actexpelled or imprisoned at willSeditionattack on newspapers, speechCannot talk against officials in powerResponse: KY/VA Resolutions compact theory nullificationJeffersons nextRevolution of 1800Marbury v MadisonPartisan issuesNeutrality continuesBarbary Pirates and tradeCentralizing powerAtlantic Ocean the problem so

17The PurchaseToussaint LOverture1803 LouisiannaLewisandClarkUS v BurrWar in EuropeEmbargoNon-intercourse ActMacon #2

Neutrality Fails Finally

British in NW fortsTecumseh and Red Stick ConfederationTippecanoeNationalism and land grab schemesWar Hawks: Clay, Calhoun, and Webster

19Madisons Turn WarMacons Bill #2 offered a trade bribe to G.B. or Fr.War HawksHenry Clay of Tenn = the growing western nationalism, survivors, Indian fightersJohn C. Calhoun of S.C.Dan Webster of New Engl.

War Fever.Free Trade and Sailors Rights!Could have said Free land the Indians or CanadiansJune 18, 1812 WAR

War of 18122nd War of IndependenceMr. Madisons WarFederalists traitorous actionsHartford ConventionGreat Lakes Washington, DCBaltimoreFt. McHenryNew Orleans and JacksonTreaty of Ghent

21Treaty of GhentSigned Dec.24thSec. Of State John Quincy AdamsNothing was adjusted, nothing settled. Return to prewar situationRush-Bagot 1817No warships on Great Lakes1818 US/Canada border at 49 lat.

22Monroe and JQ AdamsSet bordersCanadaConvention of 181849th Parallel1819 Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain1819 Florida Ceded by SpainMonroe Doctrine

23Monroe Yearslast of the Founding Fathers1816 election sees the last Federalist candidate1820 only MonroeEra of Good Feelings But 24Era of Inflamed Feelings1819 PanicDeflation, depression, bankruptcies, bank failures, unemploymentLand over speculationBank gets much of the blameMcCulloch v MarylandOut West more dependent on Nat. govt so more nationalisticPopulation growingand young1819 24 states

25MissouriTallmadge AmendmentProhibited the further introduction of slavery into When 25 years old youre freeSenate vetoNeed a compromise for political reasons not moral.26Missouri Compromise1820Missouri = slave stateMaine = free stateLouisiana Purchase land above the 3630 line is free soil below slave.We have the wolf by the ears and we can neither safely hold him, nor safely let him go. Jefferson27

28