functions to protect and support cells made of a rigid material called cellulose in plants animal...
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functions to protect and support cells made of a rigid material called cellulose in
plants animal cells don’t have cell walls
protects the cell controls the movement of materials into and out
of the cell (selectively permeable) found in all cells
The cell membrane is made of phospholipids that are constantly moving.
Small molecules (e.g. CO2, O2, H2O) can diffuse through the phospholipids.
Proteins are embedded in the membrane that act as channels to move larger molecules in and out.
The cytoplasm is everything inside the cell membrane, but outside the nucleus.
The cytosol is a jelly-like substance made mostly of water that fills the cell.
Organelles are located in the cytoplasm.
Nucleus:Is the control centre of the cellcontains chromosomes (made of DNA)
Nucleolus:a dense area within the nucleus where
ribosomes are produced
tiny, sausage-shaped organelle that provides cells with energy (ATP)
mitochondria are the site of aerobic cellular respiration
ATP is used by other organelles for energy for cell processes
sugar + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy (ATP)
ribosomes are microscopic spheres attached to the endoplasmic reticulum or floating in the cytoplasm
ribosomes make proteins
a twisting network of canals functions to transport materials throughout the
cell may have ribosomes attached to it (rough ER); smooth ER has no ribosomes attached
flattened sacs that produce vesicles (transport sacs)
they function to modify and export proteins
saclike structure formed by the Golgi complex contains enzymes that can break down large
molecules or worn out cell parts
fluid-filled space containing water, sugar and starch
helps with water regulation in plants
vacuoles can also store food or help some organisms move
small protein structures critical to cell division
called asters when found in plant cells
found only in green plants and some protists convert sunlight into food for the cell via
photosynthesis
CO2 + H2O + sunlight sugar + O2
fine protein fibres used for locomotion
Cilia: short, may be numerous on cell surface
Flagella: long, usually few in number on cell surface
protein fibres that help anchor organelles in place and give structure to the cell
Found in both plant and animal cells
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Structures in the animal cell
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18Structures in the plant cell
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Structures in the animal cell
1. nuclear pore
2. chromatin
3. nucleus4. nucleolus5a. rough
endoplasmic reticulum
5b. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 6. vesicle
7. cytoplasm
8. vacuole
9. Golgi body
10. cell membrane11. vesicle12. cytoskeleton
13. lysosome
14. mitochondria
15. ribosome
16. centriole
17. microtubule
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18Structures in the plant cell
nuclear pore chromati
n nucleolus
vacuole
chloroplast
mitochondria
microtubule
cell wall
Golgi body
cell membrane
vesicles
endoplasmic reticulum
nuclear membrane
cell wall
microtubule
ribosomes
cytoplasm
lysosome
electron micrograph of a typical animal cell
What structures are found only in animal cells?
cilia, flagella; centrioles
electron micrograph of a typical plant cell
What structures are found only in plant cells?
cell wall, large vacuole, chloroplast