Ⅰ Ⅲ Ⅱ a new era of green growth climate change strategy low-carbon green growth
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ⅢⅢ
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A New Era of Green A New Era of Green GrowthGrowth
Climate Change StrategyClimate Change Strategy
Low-Carbon Green GrowthLow-Carbon Green Growth
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ⅠⅠ.. A New Era of Green GrowthA New Era of Green GrowthⅠⅠ.. A New Era of Green GrowthA New Era of Green Growth
Greater pressure on
Environment & resources
Greater pressure on
Environment & resources
Environmental soundness
critical for enhancing
national competitiveness
Environmental soundness
critical for enhancing
national competitiveness
New solution,
“Green Growth”
New solution,
“Green Growth”
Global population
growth rapid
expansion of BRICs
economies =>
accelerated pressure
on energy &
resources
Climate change-
induced
environmental &
socioeconomic
problems on the rise
energy & resource
security become
decisive factor for
national
competitiveness
Developed countries
formulate strategies
to promote green
industry as a growth
driver
Past economic
development
paradigm
is no longer viable
Low carbon,
eco-friendliness
accepted as key to
promote new growth
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President Lee Myung-bak declared a vision of “Low Carbon, Green Growth” as the new national vision to lead Korea’s future development for the next 60 years (On Aug. 15 celebrating the 60th anniversary of Korea’s foundation)
※ G8 Summit Outreach Meeting on July 9 provided the momentum
In the vision of “Green Growth,” green is a broader concept that transcends
environment, while growth does not conflict with but complements the
environment. (Aug.29)
“It [Low carbon society] is not an option we can choose. It is a path we must
take and are already taking.”
“Green growth refers to sustainable growth which helps reduce greenhouse
gas emission and environmental pollution. It is also a new national development
paradigm that creates new growth engines and jobs with green technology and
clean energy.” (Aug.15)
A new paradigm of national development that supports
sustainable growth by mitigating GHG and environmental
contamination while creating new growth drivers and jobs
through promotion of green technology and clean energy ※ A term officially used by UN ESCAP in 2005
• In order to prevent climate change → promote green
growth → shift to low-carbon society
What is Green Growth? What is Green Growth?
UK Scotland (2005) : Green Jobs Strategy for Green Growth
Germany (2007) : Green Industrial Policy Report - Identified environmental & economic challenges facing EU
(climate change, water shortage, etc.) and proposed response measures
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Ⅱ. . Low-Carbon Green GrowthLow-Carbon Green GrowthⅡ. . Low-Carbon Green GrowthLow-Carbon Green Growth
Virtuous cycleVirtuous cycle
From a vicious cycle of energy, economy, climate,
ecosystem to a virtuous cycle
Paradigm shift : Decoupling of GHG emission growth from
economic growth & increased environmental sustainability
Goal of Low-Carbon Green Growth
Goal of Low-Carbon Green Growth
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Vicious cycleVicious cycle
Poverty
Global warmingClimate change
Increased dependence on fossil fuel
Non-sustainableeconomic growth
Energy security
Sustainablegrowth
Renewable energy,high energy efficiency
Climate change response
Pursue decoupling of environmental pollution from
economic growth
Minimize GHG gas emissions and environmental
degradation by enhancing eco-efficiency
Pursue decoupling of environmental pollution from
economic growth
Minimize GHG gas emissions and environmental
degradation by enhancing eco-efficiency
1. Low-carbon policy to reduce greenhouse gas
1. Low-carbon policy to reduce greenhouse gas
Promote growth by using Green Technology and Green
Industry as new growth engines that reduce GHG and
increase eco-friendliness
Promote growth by using Green Technology and Green
Industry as new growth engines that reduce GHG and
increase eco-friendliness
2. Green Technology as future growth drivers
2. Green Technology as future growth drivers
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Develop & export Green convergence technology using IT, BT, NT
capabilities
* e.g : Green Homes using renewable energy, hydro-energy and ethanol
production
Develop & export Green convergence technology using IT, BT, NT
capabilities
* e.g : Green Homes using renewable energy, hydro-energy and ethanol
production
3. Policy to promote convergence technology
3. Policy to promote convergence technology
Green technologies will solve the problem of “growth without
employment” * Renewable industries will generate several times more jobs than existing
industries (7-10 times more for solar energy)
Green technologies will solve the problem of “growth without
employment” * Renewable industries will generate several times more jobs than existing
industries (7-10 times more for solar energy)
4. Policy to create new jobs 4. Policy to create new jobs
Shift to a knowledge-based economy in the post-manufacturing era
Seizing new opportunities by encouraging convergence across
industries and technologies to respond to future mega-trends
Shift to a knowledge-based economy in the post-manufacturing era
Seizing new opportunities by encouraging convergence across
industries and technologies to respond to future mega-trends
5. Policy to enhance corporate competitiveness
5. Policy to enhance corporate competitiveness
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Low carbon, green land and urban planning
Increased investment for building low carbon, eco-friendly SOC’s
(such as public transport, railway, etc)
Expand Green Home ·Green Building utilizing renewable energy
* Reduce energy-use by improving heat insulation systems, promote solar/
geothermal/wind energy
Low carbon, green land and urban planning
Increased investment for building low carbon, eco-friendly SOC’s
(such as public transport, railway, etc)
Expand Green Home ·Green Building utilizing renewable energy
* Reduce energy-use by improving heat insulation systems, promote solar/
geothermal/wind energy
6. Reinvent land, urban area, buildings and transport
6. Reinvent land, urban area, buildings and transport
Promote consumption of Green products, Strengthen disclosure of
environmental footprint of companies
Increase support for Green products and government procurement
Induce life-style changes
* Promote bicycle-use, energy & water conservation, resources recycling, etc.
Promote consumption of Green products, Strengthen disclosure of
environmental footprint of companies
Increase support for Green products and government procurement
Induce life-style changes
* Promote bicycle-use, energy & water conservation, resources recycling, etc.
7. Bring a daily revolution to existing life-styles
7. Bring a daily revolution to existing life-styles
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Induce comprehensive changes in life-style and culture by taking
relevant social, cultural & ethical approaches
Build national consensus through Green Culture Movement using
mass media and education channels
Induce comprehensive changes in life-style and culture by taking
relevant social, cultural & ethical approaches
Build national consensus through Green Culture Movement using
mass media and education channels
8. Green education·culture policies
8. Green education·culture policies
By implementing eco-friendly tax schemes, encourage
environmental preservation and resources conservation while
creating more jobs
By implementing eco-friendly tax schemes, encourage
environmental preservation and resources conservation while
creating more jobs
9. Eco-friendly tax reform 9. Eco-friendly tax reform
New “Korean Wave” by brandizing national green vision and Green
Korea public campaigns
Bridging role between developed/developing countries while
demonstrating global Green Leadership
New “Korean Wave” by brandizing national green vision and Green
Korea public campaigns
Bridging role between developed/developing countries while
demonstrating global Green Leadership
10. Enhancing national brand power 10. Enhancing national brand power
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Enhanced competitiveness of national economy
New national developmentby securing growth engines
Higher quality of life
by job creation & improved environment
Low Carbon Green
Growth
Green Koreaa mature global
citizen
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ⅢⅢ. Climate Change StrategyClimate Change StrategyⅢⅢ. Climate Change StrategyClimate Change Strategy
Emerged as key agenda at Davos Forum (2005-2007) Emerged as key agenda at Davos Forum (2005-2007) - Climate change the greatest risk for business management Jan. 25, 2007 Survey on 500 CEOs : Climate-induced environmental changes cited as the greatest issue expected to influence corporate management
※ Over 70% of global 500 companies said climate change is posing risk to business (Financial Times 2007)
Reports released on impacts of climate change and adaptation Reports released on impacts of climate change and adaptation
- IPCC 4th Report (Feb, 2007), Stern Review (Dec. 2006)
UN & int’l organizations discuss climate change as top agendaUN & int’l organizations discuss climate change as top agenda
- UN Climate Change High Level Event(Sep. 2007)
- Adoption of “Leaders’ Declaration on Climate Change” at APEC Summit(Sep. 2007)
- Intensive discussion dedicated to climate change at G8 Summit Outreach Meeting[Jul.2007]
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VisionVision - Low Carbon, Green Growth –
“contribute to the global efforts to combat climate change and achieve low carbon society thru green growth”
- Low Carbon, Green Growth –
“contribute to the global efforts to combat climate change and achieve low carbon society thru green growth”
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1. Climate industry as a new economic driving force 1. Climate industry as a new economic driving force
2. Improving quality of life and the environment 2. Improving quality of life and the environment
3. Contributing to global efforts to combat climate change 3. Contributing to global efforts to combat climate change
⇒ Plan of Action to materialize the Presidential Vision for “Low Carbon Green Growth” ⇒ Plan of Action to materialize the Presidential Vision for “Low Carbon Green Growth”
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ImprovingQuality of Life
Contributingto the
Global Efforts
“Low Carbon Green Growth”
FosteringClimate Industry
1-1. Improving energy efficiency in the industrial sector
1-2. Expanding R&D investment in Green Technologies
1-3. Developing key climate industries
1-1. Improving energy efficiency in the industrial sector
1-2. Expanding R&D investment in Green Technologies
1-3. Developing key climate industries
2-1. Enhancing quality of life (transportation)
2-2. Green life-style change
2-3. Enhancing Adaptation
2-4. Enhancing Awareness and changing patterns
2-5. Scientific monitoring and prediction
2-1. Enhancing quality of life (transportation)
2-2. Green life-style change
2-3. Enhancing Adaptation
2-4. Enhancing Awareness and changing patterns
2-5. Scientific monitoring and prediction
3-1. Setting Mid-term mitigation goal
3-2. Contributing to Post-2012 negotiations
3-3. Active developing country assistance and international cooperation
3-1. Setting Mid-term mitigation goal
3-2. Contributing to Post-2012 negotiations
3-3. Active developing country assistance and international cooperation
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Plan of Actions
◇ Increased R&D investments in Green Technology
- innovative development strategy for new future technologies
- More than double gov’t R&D investment by 2012 (700 billion KRW 2008]
- Develop convergence technologies using strong IT, BT, NT
◇ Improving energy efficiency in the industrial sector
- energy intensity goals (industrial sector) * energy intensity(toe/1,000$, 2000 PPP) : (2006)0.230 → (2020) 0.154 → (2030) 0.123
- Voluntary Agreement strengthened to Negotiated Agreement (NA)
- Incentives (financial, tax benefits) on investments for GHG
reduction
- Strengthening standardization and certification : e.g. Eco Labeling
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Plan of Actions
Fostering renewable energy industry
- Increased renewable energy share: 2.24%(’06) → 11%(’30) → +20%(’50)
- Initial market creation & reinforced promotion programs * ‘Million Green Home’ project, Solar Energy Town, marine energy development, etc. - Export solar & wind power generation (target market share: 5% in
2012) * solar power generation: 140 trillion KRW (’12), wind power generation: 110 trillion KRW (’12) Developing energy-efficiency improvement industry - Expanded investment in energy-efficiency improvement
technologies (700 billion KRW in 5yrs)
* global top class by 2030 : electricity IT, LED lighting, energy storage
- Foster green car industry
(Global top 4 green car manufacturer)
Nuclear energy & Eco-friendly industries- Share nuclear power plant management & technology know-how- Support development of water companies, ‘waste-to-energy’ industry, meteorology industry & CDM (export-oriented)
◇ Developing Key Climate Industry
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Plan of Actions
◇ Enhancing quality of life (green transportation system)
- Achieve GHG mitigation & improve the environment by cutting
down
social cost of traffic congestion (24.6 trillion KRW in 2006 = 2.9% of
GDP)
- Expand low carbon, green transportation & innovate public transit * promote use of bicycles and railways (double the share of railway transport by 2019)◇ Green life-style change
- Promote light vehicles & fuel-efficient, green cars
- Expand green homes & buildings
- Create low carbon society & reduce GHG from household sector
- Expand forest carbon sinks & carbon cycle
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Plan of Actions
◇ Build a safe society by implementing adaptation measures
- Draft nat’l/sectoral climate impacts assessment & comprehensive adaptation
plan
- Strengthen climate change impact assessments & vulnerability analysis
- Enhance risk management against natural disasters, health threats…
◇ Promote low carbon lifestyles - Improve climate change education in elementary/middle school curriculum
- Raise consumer responsibility, environmental awareness & climate action
- Organize “carbon-neutral” government/public events
- Encourage public climate action by proliferating low carbon, green life style
- Nurture professionals dedicated to climate response
◇ Advance climate change monitoring & prediction capabilities - Set up monitoring system for climate & Earth environment changes
- Develop climate change scenarios & observed data utilization system
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Plan of Actions
◇ Set a midterm reduction goal - Provide a clear signal for transition to low carbon society
- Demonstrate commitment to contribute to global efforts
- Goal based on scientific analysis & national consensus
- Set reduction goals by sector & cost-effective mitigation strategy
◇ Active international negotiation strategy
- Bridging role between the developed/developing countries
→ Contribute to Post-2012 negotiations *by proposing ‘Market-based principle’
◇ Boost developing country assistance & international cooperation
- Support projects & capacity building in developing countries
* East-Asia Climate Partnership : 200 million USD for 5 years
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1. Financial and Budgetary Support - (Public) Boost financial support from Government budget
e.g. Climate Change Action Fund (tent)
- Expand R&D investment to secure core green technologies * Share of climate R&D investment in total government R&D investment:: 6.4% (’08)→ 8.5%
(’12)
- (Private) Provide financial & taxation incentives to induce
investment from the private sector
2. Price Structure Reform - Bring climate-friendly functionality to existing tax scheme,
Consider introducing Carbon Tax
- Promote green consumption by applying ‘Polluter-Pay-Principle’
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3. Improve carbon intensity & eco-efficiency of major SOCs - Cut traffic congestion cost (24,6 trillion KRW), enhance sustainability
- Increase energy-saving capabilities by promoting eco-friendly architecture and buildings
- Build infrastructure designed to reduce waste or recycle resources
4. Legislative & institutional foundation - Lay the legal framework for low carbon, green growth * Review & evaluate central/local governments’ climate response, perform climate
change impacts assessment
- Set up national inventory system & consider introduction of an emissions trading scheme
5. Public awareness and participation
- Raise public awareness, incorporate climate change into school curriculum
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Fundamental change in the Social & Economy structure
※ preparation (decrease in emission rise), implementation (stabilization and absolute reduction), maturity (low-carbon society)
Preparation Implementati
on
Maturit
y
GH
G e
mis
sio
n
Basic data used to determine the level of national efforts
to limit GHG emissions ⇒ Accurate inventory data is a
prerequisite to identifying mitigation potential and sector
Basic data used to examine domestic state of emissions and build strategy for international negotiations (UNFCCC)
Importance of GHG inventory system
Importance of GHG inventory system
National governments that are Parties to the UNFCCC are required to:
a) develop and implement GHG mitigation policies b) Submit national reports on GHG inventories and policy
implementations26
• The IPCC* provides Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories intended for use by countries to estimate GHG inventories according to a common standard
Presents methodologies for estimating GHG emissions by sector / gas Includes types of GHG gases, GWP’s and other international standards
Korea compiles national inventory following the IPCC guidelines
GHG emissions and removals by source and sink are made public annually
More efforts needed to assure data quality
Compiling a GHG inventory
Compiling a GHG inventory
* IPCC : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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